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Effects of the Structure of Benzenesulfonate-Based Draw Solutes on the Forward Osmosis Process.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Yang, DaEun Cho, Yeonsu Kang, Hyo |
| Editor | Ahmad, Abdul Latif Low, Siew Chun Rosli, Aishah Binti |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Abstract | A series of phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) based on benzenesulfonate derivatives (tetrabutylphosphonium benzenesulfonate ([TBP][BS]), tetrabutylphosphonium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate ([TBP][MBS]), tetrabutylphosphonium 2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate ([TBP][DMBS]), and tetrabutylphosphonium 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonate ([TBP][TMBS])) were synthesized via anion exchange with tetrabutylphosphonium bromide ([TBP][Br]). Then, we characterized the ILs and investigated their suitability as draw solutes for forward osmosis (FO), focusing on their thermoresponsive properties, conductivities, and osmotic pressures. We found that aqueous [TBP][BS] was not thermoresponsive, but 20 wt% aqueous [TBP][MBS], [TBP][DMBS], and [TBP][TMBS] had lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of approximately 41, 25, and 21 °C, respectively, enabling their easy recovery using waste heat. Based on these findings, 20 wt% aqueous [TBP][DMBS] was tested for its FO performance, and the water and reverse solute fluxes were found to be approximately 9.29 LMH and 1.37 gMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) mode and 4.64 LMH and 0.37 gMH, respectively, in the active layer facing the feed solution (AL-FS) mode. Thus, these tetrabutylphosphonium benzenesulfonate-based LCST-type ILs are suitable for drawing solutes for FO process. |
| Volume Number | 12 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC9696037 |
| Issue Number | 11 |
| PubMed reference number | 36363622 |
| Journal | Membranes (Basel) |
| e-ISSN | 20770375 |
| DOI | 10.3390/membranes12111067 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-10-29 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2022 by the authors. |
| Subject Keyword | forward osmosis thermoresponsive ionic liquid draw solute lower critical solution temperature benzenesulfonate derivative |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Chemical Engineering Process Chemistry and Technology Filtration and Separation |
