Vaccination of multiple sclerosis patients during the COVID-19 era: Novel insights into vaccine safety and immunogenicity.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Kim, Enoch Haag, Alyssa Nguyen, Jackie Kesselman, Marc M. Demory Beckler, Michelle
Copyright Year	2022
Abstract	Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable autoimmune disease known to cause widespread demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) and a host of debilitating symptoms in patients. The development of MS is believed to be driven by the breakdown of the blood brain barrier, subsequent infiltration by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and widespread CNS inflammation and demyelination. Disease modifying therapies (DMTs) profoundly disrupt these processes and therefore compose an essential component of disease management. However, the effects of these therapeutic agents on vaccine safety and immunogenicity in individuals with MS are not yet fully understood. As such, the primary objective of this review article was to summarize the findings of recently conducted studies on vaccine safety and immunogenicity in MS patients treated with DMTs, particularly in the context of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Discussed in this review are vaccinations against influenza, yellow fever, human papillomavirus, measles, mumps, rubella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, hepatitis B, and COVID-19. This article additionally reviews our current understanding of COVID-19 severity and incidence in this patient population, the risks and benefits of vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and vaccination guidelines set forth by MS societies and organizations.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC9462931&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	22110348
Journal	Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders [Mult Scler Relat Disord]
Volume Number	67
DOI	10.1016/j.msard.2022.104172
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9462931
PubMed reference number	36116380
e-ISSN	22110356
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier B.V.
Publisher Date	2022-09-10
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	Multiple sclerosis COVID-19 Coronavirus Vaccine safety Immunogenicity Disease modifying therapy MS, multiple sclerosis CNS, central nervous system DMTs, disease modifying therapies COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Neurology (clinical)