Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes and Prognostic Factors for Critical Illness in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	El-Kady, Asmaa M Aldakheel, Fahad M Allemailem, Khaled S Almatroudi, Ahmad Dbas Alharbi, Reem Al Hamed, Hamad Alsulami, Muslimah Alshehri, Wafa A El-Ashram, Saeed Kreys, Eugene Mohamed, Khalil Al-Megrin, Wafa Abdullah I Elshabrawy, Hatem A
Copyright Year	2022
Abstract	BackgroundA good understanding of the possible risk factors for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) severity could help clinicians in identifying patients who need prioritized treatment to prevent disease progression and adverse outcome. In the present study, we aimed to correlate clinical and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized COVID-19 patients to disease outcome in Saudi Arabia.Materials and MethodsThe present study included 199 COVID-19 patients admitted to King Fahd Specialist Hospital, Buraydah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia, from April to December 2020. Patients were followed-up until discharge either for recovery or death. Demographic data, clinical data and laboratory results were retrieved from electronic patient records.ResultsCritical COVID-19 cases showed higher mean of age and higher prevalence of co-morbid conditions. Fifty-five patients died during the observation period. Risk factors for in hospital death for COVID 19 patients were leukocytosis (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.008–3.548, p = 0.081), lymphocytopenia (OR 2.152, 95% CI 1.079–4.295, p = 0.020), neutrophilia (OR 1.839, 95% CI 0.951–3.55, p = 0.047), thrombocytopenia (OR 2.152, 95% CI 0.852–5.430, p = 0.085), liver injury (OR 2.689, 95% CI 1.373–4.944, p = 0.003), acute kidney injury (OR 1.248, 95% CI 0.631–2.467 p = 0.319), pancreatic injury (OR 1.973, 95% CI 0.939–4.144, p = 0.056) and high D dimer (OR 2.635, 95% CI 0.747–9.287, p = 0.091).ConclusionClinical and laboratory data of COVID-19 patients may help understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and subsequently improve of the outcome of patients by determination of the associated risk factors and recognition of high risk group who are more liable for complications and in hospital death. The present study put an eye on some parameters (laboratory and clinical) that should be alarming signs that the patient is at high risk bad prognosis.
Page Count	19
Volume Number	15
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9441173
PubMed reference number	36068791
Journal	International Journal of General Medicine [Int J Gen Med]
e-ISSN	11787074
DOI	10.2147/IJGM.S374090
Language	English
Publisher	Dove
Publisher Date	2022-08-31
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). © 2022 El-Kady et al.
Subject Keyword	clinical outcomes prognosis COVID-19 Saudi Arabia
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine