Effectiveness of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) Screening on Cervical Cancer Mortality and Incidence - A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Lohiya, Ayush Daniel, Roy Arokiam Kumar, Durgesh Varghese, Cherian Rath, Rama Shankar Abdulkader, Rizwan S Nongkynrih, Baridalyne
Abstract	Objectives:Despite being a cheap, easy, and commonly used technique for screening early development of cervical cancer, collective evidence on the effect of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) for reducing cervical cancer mortality and incidence are conflicting. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of VIA screening on cervical cancer mortality and incidence. Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews & Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Google Scholar to identify studies conducted among women with no history of cervical cancer that assessed effectiveness of VIA on the cervical cancer mortality and incidence. Random effects model was used to estimate incident rate ratio and sensitivity analysis was conducted using Bayesian methods. Results:Of the included 4 studies, three were cluster randomized trials from India and one was quasi-experimental study done in Thailand. Duration of follow-up ranged from 7 to 12 years. Based on 3 trials, pooled rate-ratio for cervical cancer mortality and all-cause mortality was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56–0.81, I2=0%) and 0.91 (0.85–0.97, I2=57%), respectively. Pooled rate-ratio of invasive cervical cancer was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.67 – 1.30, I2=84%). Likewise, there was non-significant reduction in incidence of stage IB, >=stage II, and unknown stage cervical cancer. Conclusions:VIA screening may lead to reduction in cervical cancer and all-cause mortality in long run. However, the effectiveness of VIA in preventing invasive cervical cancer is inconclusive.
ISSN	15137368
Volume Number	23
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9272618
Issue Number	2
PubMed reference number	35225450
Journal	Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention : APJCP [Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev]
e-ISSN	2476762X
DOI	10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.2.399
Language	English
Publisher	West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention
Publisher Date	2022-02-01
Publisher Place	Iran
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Subject Keyword	Cervical cancer VIA mortality incidence screening early cancer diagnosis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Cancer Research Epidemiology Oncology