Higher-order thinking word problem-solving errors made by low-performing pupils: Comparative case study across school types in Malaysia.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Suseelan, Menaga Chew, Cheng Meng Chin, Huan
Abstract	The achievement gaps existed among the three types of Malaysian elementary schools with different instruction mediums. Thus, this study sought to compare the types of errors made by the low-performing students from different school types in solving word problems involving higher-order thinking skills by conducting a multiple case study. The study involved 18 low-performing students from a National Primary School (NPS), National-Type Chinese Primary School (NTCPS), and National-Type Tamil Primary School (NTTPS) in Malaysia. The students’ errors in solving eight word problems were identified qualitatively through conducting four sessions of diagnostic interviews, followed by the Newman’s Error Analysis. Then, a cross-case analysis was conducted. The findings indicated that the participants of the three school types made reading, comprehension, transformation, process skills and encoding errors. However, the NPS and NTTPS low-performing students made more process skills errors and encoding errors, as compared to the NTCPS low-performing students. The findings imply the need to enhance the procedural fluency of NPS and NTTPS low-performing students for reducing the achievement gaps among the school types.
ISSN	10461310
Journal	Current Psychology (New Brunswick, N.j.)
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9142333
PubMed reference number	35669209
e-ISSN	19364733
DOI	10.1007/s12144-022-03271-z
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2022-05-28
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022
Subject Keyword	Higher-order thinking skills Low-performing Newman’s error analysis School type Word problem
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Psychology