Epidemiology of Acute Leukemia among Children with Down Syndrome in Korea.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Choi, Young Bae Yoo, Keon Hee
Copyright Year	2022
Abstract	PurposeChildren with Down syndrome (DS) show a higher risk of acute leukemia than those without DS. In this study, we investigated the nationwide incidence of acute leukemia among children with DS and compared their epidemiologic characteristics with those of children with acute leukemia but without DS.Materials and MethodsUsing the National Health Insurance Service database, we selected patients with acute leukemia aged 0–19 years at diagnosis between 2007 and 2016.ResultsAmong the 4,697 children with acute leukemia, 54 (1.1%) had DS. The median incidence rate of leukemia with DS by year was 1.3% (range, 0.2% to 2.0%). Sixteen patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; 29.6%) and 36 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML; 66.7%) had DS. The DS group showed younger age at diagnosis than the non-DS group, and diagnosis of AML was more frequent in the DS group than in the non-DS group (3 years vs. 9 years, p < 0.001; 66.7% vs. 32.4%, p < 0.001, respectively). The 5-year overall survival was comparable between the DS and non-DS groups (88.0% vs. 81.9%, p=0.375). Among all the Koreans born between 2007 and 2008, the incidences of acute leukemia, ALL, and AML were 49.25, 20.75, and 163.38 times higher, respectively, in the DS group than in the non-DS group.ConclusionOur findings support the fact that the incidence of acute leukemia is higher among patients with DS than among those without DS in Korea. However, the DS and non-DS groups in this study had a comparable overall survival rate.
ISSN	15982998
Journal	Cancer Research and Treatment : Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association
Volume Number	54
PubMed Central reference number	PMC9016313
Issue Number	2
PubMed reference number	34384014
e-ISSN	20059256
DOI	10.4143/crt.2021.368
Language	English
Publisher	Korean Cancer Association
Publisher Date	2021-08-10
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2022 by the Korean Cancer Association
Subject Keyword	Acute leukemia Precursor cell lymphoblastic leukemia-lymphoma Acute myeloid leukemia Childhood Down syndrome Lymphoma
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology