Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicit immunogenicity and T-cell responses in people living with HIV.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Lv, Zhengchao Li, Qin Feng, Zaixiong Zheng, Xi Yang, Haihao Gu, Qianlan Ying, Sai Qi, Yan Li, Xiaosi Wu, Runfang Wu, Zhao Yu, Xiyu Zou, Nanting Qin, Dongdong Wan, Chunping NaYin
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	BackgroundsTo date, the effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on people living with HIV (PLWH) were mainly focused on messenger RNA (mRNA) and adenovirus vector-based vaccines, and little is known about the effects of inactivated virus-based vaccine. This study was designed to determine the effects of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on PLWH.MethodsTwenty-four HIV-positive individuals and 24 healthy donors (HD) were respectively recruited from Malipo Country People's Hospital and community in Kunming city. Enumeration of lymphocyte and CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Competitive ELISA was used to measure the level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralization antibody. Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between laboratory indicators and neutralization antibodies in PLWH. T-cell responses (Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg) and intracellular expression of cytokines (IL-2 and TNF-α) in CD4 or CD8 were induced by spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-2-S) and further measured by intracellular staining.ResultsCD4, B cells, CD4+CD45RO+ memory T cells in peripheral blood of PLWH are dramatically decreased in comparison with HD. Importantly, PLWH display comparable neutralizing antibody positive rate to HD after inoculation with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. However, PLWH showed weaker responses to vaccines exhibited by lower levels of neutralizing antibodies. Correlation analysis shows that this is possibly caused by low number of CD4 and B cells. Furthermore, SARS-2-S-induced Th2 and Th17 responses are also decreased in PLWH, while no influences on Treg and other cytokines (IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ) observed.ConclusionsPLWH and HD have comparable neutralizing antibodies positive rates, but PLWH display weaker responses to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in magnitude, which suggests that a booster dose or dose adjustment are required for HIV-infected individuals, especially for those with lower counts of CD4 T and B cells.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC8599017&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	15675769
Journal	International Immunopharmacology [Int Immunopharmacol]
Volume Number	102
DOI	10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108383
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8599017
PubMed reference number	34824035
e-ISSN	18781705
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier Science
Publisher Date	2021-11-18
Access Restriction	Open
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Subject Keyword	COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines Neutralizing antibodies HIV
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Allergy Pharmacology Immunology