Depressive males have higher odds of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective cohort study based on propensity score matching.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Xiong, Yang Zhang, Yang-Chang Jin, Tao Qin, Feng Yuan, Jiu-Hong
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	Lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) and depression are both increasing in Chinese aging males. However, the relationship still remains unknown. To explore their relationship, a retrospective cohort study based on propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted by analyzing the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study dataset. After data cleaning, a total of 5125 participants were enrolled and subjected to PSM; 1351 pairs were matched and followed for 2 years. Further logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were performed to evaluate, model and visualize the relationship between depression and LUTS/BPH. Moreover, subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were adopted to verify the robustness of the conclusions. Before PSM, depressive patients showed higher odds of LUTS/BPH in all three models adjusting for different covariates (P < 0.001). After PSM, univariate logistic regression revealed that depressive patients had higher risks for LUTS/BPH than participants in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 2.10, P < 0.001). The RCS results indicated a nonlinear (P < 0.05) and inverted U-shaped relationship between depression and LUTS/BPH. In the subgroup analyses, no increased risks were found among participants who were not married or cohabitating, received an education, had an abnormal body mass index (<18.5 kg m−2 and ≥28 kg m−2), slept more than 6 h, did not smoke, and drank less than once a month (all P > 0.05). The results of sensitivity analyses indicated identical increased risks of LUTS/BPH in all four models (all P < 0.001). In conclusion, depression enhances the risks of LUTS/BPH in aging males.
ISSN	1008682X
Journal	Asian Journal of Andrology
Volume Number	23
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8577256
Issue Number	6
PubMed reference number	33818525
e-ISSN	17457262
DOI	10.4103/aja.aja_12_21
Language	English
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Publisher Date	2021-11-01
Publisher Place	India
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. Copyright: © The Author(s)(2021)
Subject Keyword	aging males benign prostatic hyperplasia depression lower urinary tract symptoms propensity score matching
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Urology