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Maternal plasma choline and betaine in late pregnancy and child growth up to age 8 years in the KOALA Birth Cohort Study.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Moltó-Puigmartí, Carolina Obeid, Rima Mommers, Monique Eussen, Simone Jpm Thijs, Carel |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Abstract | ABSTRACTBackgroundSufficient choline and betaine during pregnancy are needed for fetal growth and development.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the associations between maternal plasma choline and betaine in the third trimester of pregnancy and child growth from birth up to 8 years of age.MethodsConcentrations of choline and betaine were measured in plasma of 1331 pregnant women from the KOALA (Kind, Ouders en gezondheid: Aandacht voor Leefstijl en Aanleg) Birth Cohort Study in the Netherlands. Child weight and height were measured at birth and at 1 (91% complete), 2 (86%), and 6–8 y (76%). Birth weight, weight gain in the first year, and z scores for weight and height at 1 and 2 y were used as continuous outcome variables. BMI z scores at 1 and 2 y were used as continuous and dichotomous outcomes, and BMI z scores at age 6–8 y were used to study overweight at that age.ResultsEach 1-µmol/L increase of maternal plasma choline was associated with a mean 20-g (95% CI: 1.1, 38.0 g) higher weight gain in the first year of life, and a higher BMI z score (β: 0.02; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.04) and slightly higher odds of BMI z score >85th percentile (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.10) at 1–2 y. Each 1-µmol/L increase of plasma betaine was associated with a mean 12-g (95% CI: 0.8, 23.9 g) higher weight gain in the first year of life and higher odds of BMI z score >85th percentile at 1–2 y (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07). Lastly, betaine was associated with overweight at 6–8 y (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.34), only in boys.ConclusionsThird-trimester pregnancy plasma choline and betaine were positively associated with childhood anthropometric measures. In boys, some of the associations may have persisted up to 8 y of age. Further studies may investigate the validity of maternal plasma choline and betaine concentrations as markers of maternal intake and fetal transfer. |
| Related Links | https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC8488875&blobtype=pdf |
| Page Count | 9 |
| ISSN | 00029165 |
| Journal | The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] |
| Volume Number | 114 |
| DOI | 10.1093/ajcn/nqab177 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC8488875 |
| Issue Number | 4 |
| PubMed reference number | 34113974 |
| e-ISSN | 19383207 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press |
| Publisher Date | 2021-10-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. |
| Subject Keyword | betaine choline pregnancy one-carbon metabolism birth weight infant growth overweight fetal programming |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine |
