Multi-Loculated Catamenial Pneumothorax: A Rare Complication of Thoracic Endometriosis.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Staring, Grace Monteiro, Fátima Barracha, Ivone Amorim, Rosa
Editor	Muacevic, Alexander Adler, John R
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	The presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity is known as endometriosis. Catamenial pneumothorax (CP) is a recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax that occurs in women of childbearing age. Thoracic endometriosis is a rare clinical entity, and CP is the most common presentation. Imaging diagnosis is based on computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), detecting blood products in endometrial deposits. We report a case of right CP in a 37-year-old woman with chest pain and dyspnea 48 hours after the onset of menstruation. The pneumothorax was drained, continuous hormonal therapy was started, and she underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), which revealed multiple diaphragmatic fenestrations and a solitary nodular thickening in the diaphragmatic pleura (endometrial deposit). After pleurodesis, multiple CP recurred, and later underwent a total hysterectomy. CP is the most common form of thoracic endometriosis and should be suspected in women of childbearing age.
Journal	Cureus
Volume Number	13
DOI	10.7759/cureus.17583
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8481132
Issue Number	8
PubMed reference number	34646637
e-ISSN	21688184
Language	English
Publisher	Cureus
Publisher Date	2021-08-30
Publisher Place	Palo Alto (CA)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	catamenial pneumothorax endometriosis hormone therapy total hysterectomy video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats) deep infiltrating endometriosis (die)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Case study
Subject	Medicine