Inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract of Abeliophyllum distichum leaf on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Thomas, Shalom Sara Eom, Ji Sung, Nak-Yun Kim, Dong-Sub Cha, Youn-Soo Kim, Kyung-Ah
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESAbeliophyllum distichum is a plant endemic to Korea, containing several beneficial natural compounds. This study investigated the effect of A. distichum leaf extract (ALE) on adipocyte differentiation.MATERIALS/METHODSThe cytotoxic effect of ALE was analyzed using cell viability assay. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated using induction media in the presence or absence of ALE. Lipid accumulation was confirmed using Oil Red O staining. The mRNA expression of adipogenic markers was measured using RT-PCR, and the protein expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) were measured using western blot. Cell proliferation was measured by calculating the incorporation of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into DNA.RESULTSALE reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes, as indicated by Oil Red O staining and triglyceride assays. Treatment with ALE decreased the gene expression of adipogenic markers such as Pparγ, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/ebpα), lipoprotein lipase, adipocyte protein-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase. Also, the protein expression of PPARγ was reduced by ALE. Treating the cells with ALE at different time points revealed that the inhibitory effect of ALE on adipogenesis is higher in the early period treatment than in the terminal period. Furthermore, ALE inhibited adipocyte differentiation by reducing the early phase of adipogenesis and mitotic clonal expansion. This was indicated by the lower number of cells in the Synthesis phase of the cell cycle (labeled using BrdU assay) and a decrease in the expression of early adipogenic transcription factors such as C/ebpβ and C/ebpδ. ALE suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPK, confirming that the effect of ALE was through the suppression of early phase of adipogenesis.CONCLUSIONSAltogether, the results of the present study revealed that ALE inhibits lipid accumulation and may be a potential agent for managing obesity.
ISSN	19761457
Journal	Nutrition Research and Practice
Volume Number	15
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8446690
Issue Number	5
PubMed reference number	34603604
e-ISSN	20056168
DOI	10.4162/nrp.2021.15.5.555
Language	English
Publisher	The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition
Publisher Date	2021-03-11
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ©2021 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition
Subject Keyword	3T3-L1 adipocytes adipogenesis transcription factors PPAR gamma
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nutrition and Dietetics Food Science