The impact of Covid-19 on unemployment across Italy: Consequences for those affected by psychiatric conditions.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Pompili, Maurizio Innamorati, Marco Sampogna, Gaia Albert, Umberto Carmassi, Claudia Carrà, Giuseppe Cirulli, Francesca Erbuto, Denise Luciano, Mario Nanni, Maria Giulia Sani, Gabriele Tortorella, Alfonso Viganò, Caterina Volpe, Umberto Fiorillo, Andrea
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	BackgroundSevere psychological and psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are expected, especially for people already vulnerable to biological or psychosocial stressors, including those with mental health problems. The study aimed to investigate factors associated with the loss of jobs and unemployment during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, we investigated whether mental illness was associated with a higher risk of losing one's job because of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsNineteen thousand four hundred ninety-six adults living in Italy were administered an online protocol including a sociodemographic checklist and questionnaires investigating suicide ideation and risk, mental health status and general distress (stress, anxiety, and depression), resilience, and perceived support.ResultsOne thousand two hundred seventy-four reported having lost their job because of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 5.4% of the sample reported a mental illness (mostly a depressive disorder). Unemployment was independently associated with mental illness, poor mental health, and depression. Mental illness was associated with the risk of losing one's job because of the COVID-19 pandemic, but not at the multivariate analyses. Those who lost their job because of the COVID-19 pandemic (compared to others) reported worse mental health and depression.LimitationsThe presence of mental illness was self-reported by respondents and the administered measures were self-reported questionnaires affected by social desirability and other response bias.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic and social isolation measures and lockdown used to contain its spread among the Italian population were associated with occupational insecurity, especially among the more vulnerable social categories.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC8445771&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	01650327
Journal	Journal of Affective Disorders [J Affect Disord]
Volume Number	296
DOI	10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.035
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8445771
PubMed reference number	34592657
e-ISSN	15732517
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier B.V.
Publisher Date	2021-09-17
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	COVID-19 pandemic Unemployment Mental illness Depression
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Clinical Psychology Psychiatry and Mental Health