Saccharomyces boulardii Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 Signaling Pathways.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Gao, Hui Li, Yinzheng Sun, Jie Xu, Huzi Wang, Meng Zuo, Xuezhi Fu, Qiang Guo, Yanchao Chen, Zhenyan Zhang, Piwei Li, Xudong Wang, Niwen Ye, Ting Yao, Ying
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) is a probiotic yeast that is widely used to treat gastrointestinal disorders. The present study is aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of S. boulardii on dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced murine ulcerative colitis (UC) and illustrate the mechanisms of action. C57BL/6 mice were administered S. boulardii (105 and 107 CFU/ml, p.o.) for 3 weeks and then given DSS [2.5% (w/v)] for one week. Administration of S. boulardii prevented DSS-induced reduction in body weight, diarrhea, bloody feces, decreased colon length, and loss of histological structure. Moreover, S. boulardii protected the intestinal barrier by increasing the levels of tight junction proteins zona occludens-1 and Occludin and exerted immunomodulatory effects in DSS-induced mice. Furthermore, S. boulardii suppressed the colonic inflammation by reducing the levels of Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, and Tumor necrosis factor alpha and restored myeloperoxidase activity in mice exposed to DSS. S. boulardii also mitigated colonic oxidative damage by increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and heme oxygenase 1) and glutathione and decreasing malondialdehyde accumulation. Further studies identified that S. boulardii suppressed the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 subunit by decreasing IκKα/β levels, while promoted the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in DSS-exposed mice. Collectively, S. boulardii possessed an appreciable therapeutic effect against the experimental mice model of UC. The protective mechanism of S. boulardii may involve inhibition of NF-κB-mediated proinflammatory signaling and activation of Nrf2-modulated antioxidant defense in addition to intestinal barrier protective and immunomodulatory effects.
ISSN	19420900
Journal	Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Volume Number	2021
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8342159
PubMed reference number	34367460
e-ISSN	19420994
DOI	10.1155/2021/1622375
Language	English
Publisher	Hindawi
Publisher Date	2021-07-28
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2021 Hui Gao et al.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Aging Medicine Biochemistry