Caloric restriction induces anabolic resistance to resistance exercise.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Murphy, Chaise Koehler, Karsten
Abstract	PurposeWeight loss can result in the loss of muscle mass and bone mineral density. Resistance exercise is commonly prescribed to attenuate these effects. However, the anabolic endocrine response to resistance exercise during caloric restriction has not been characterized.MethodsParticipants underwent 3-day conditions of caloric restriction (15 kcal kg FFM−1) with post-exercise carbohydrate (CRC) and with post-exercise protein (CRP), and an energy balance control (40 kcal kg FFM−1) with post-exercise carbohydrate (CON). Serial blood draws were taken following five sets of five repetitions of the barbell back squat exercise on day 3 of each condition.ResultsIn CRC and CRP, respectively, growth hormone peaked at 2.6 ± 0.4 and 2.5 ± 0.9 times the peak concentrations observed during CON. Despite this, insulin-like growth factor-1 concentrations declined 18.3 ± 3.4% in CRC and 27.2 ± 3.8% in CRP, which was greater than the 7.6 ± 3.6% decline in CON, over the subsequent 24 h. Sclerostin increased over the first 2 days of each intervention by 19.2 ± 5.6% in CRC, 21.8 ± 6.2% in CRP and 13.4 ± 5.9% in CON, but following the resistance exercise bout, these increases were attenuated and no longer significant.ConclusionDuring caloric restriction, there is considerable endocrine anabolic resistance to a single bout of resistance exercise which persists in the presence of post-exercise whey protein supplementation. Alternative strategies to restore the sensitivity of insulin-like growth factor-1 to growth hormone need to be explored.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00421-020-04354-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC8233264&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	14396319
Journal	European Journal of Applied Physiology [Eur J Appl Physiol]
Volume Number	120
DOI	10.1007/s00421-020-04354-0
PubMed Central reference number	PMC8233264
Issue Number	5
PubMed reference number	32236752
e-ISSN	14396327
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2020-03-31
Publisher Place	Berlin/Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2020, corrected publication 2021
Subject Keyword	Energy deficit Energy availability Weightlifting Strength training Growth hormone Sclerostin
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physiology (medical) Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Sports Science