A linear oscillator model predicts dynamic temporal attention and pupillary entrainment to rhythmic patterns.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Fink, Lauren K. Hurley, Brian K. Geng, Joy J. Janata, Petr
Copyright Year	2018
Abstract	Rhythm is a ubiquitous feature of music that induces specific neural modes of processing. In thispaper, we assess the potential of a stimulus-driven linear oscillator model (57)to predict dynamic attention to complex musical rhythms on an instant-by-instant basis. We useperceptual thresholds and pupillometry as attentional indices against which to test our model predictions.During a deviance detection task, participants listened to continuously looping, multiinstrument,rhythmic patterns, while being eye-tracked. Their task was to respond anytime theyheard an increase in intensity (dB SPL). An adaptive thresholding algorithm adjusted deviant intensityat multiple probed temporal locations throughout each rhythmic stimulus. The oscillatormodel predicted participants’ perceptual thresholds for detecting deviants at probed locations, witha low temporal salience prediction corresponding to a high perceptual threshold and vice versa. Apupil dilation response was observed for all deviants. Notably, the pupil dilated even when participantsdid not report hearing a deviant. Maximum pupil size and resonator model output were significantpredictors of whether a deviant was detected or missed on any given trial. Besides theevoked pupillary response to deviants, we also assessed the continuous pupillary signal to therhythmic patterns. The pupil exhibited entrainment at prominent periodicities present in the stimuliand followed each of the different rhythmic patterns in a unique way. Overall, these results replicateprevious studies using the linear oscillator model to predict dynamic attention to complexauditory scenes and extend the utility of the model to the prediction of neurophysiological signals,in this case the pupillary time course; however, we note that the amplitude envelope of the acousticpatterns may serve as a similarly useful predictor. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to showentrainment of pupil dynamics by demonstrating a phase relationship between musical stimuli andthe pupillary signal.
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Journal	Journal of Eye Movement Research [J Eye Mov Res]
Volume Number	11
DOI	10.16910/jemr.11.2.12
PubMed Central reference number	PMC7898576
Issue Number	2
PubMed reference number	33828695
e-ISSN	19958692
Language	English
Publisher	Bern Open Publishing
Publisher Date	2018-11-20
Publisher Place	Bern, Switzerland
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.
Subject Keyword	Pupil attention entrainment rhythm music modeling amplitude envelope psychophysics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Sensory Systems Ophthalmology