Association between psychological resilience and changes in mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Riehm, Kira E. Brenneke, Savannah G. Adams, Leslie B. Gilan, Donya Lieb, Klaus Kunzler, Angela M. Smail, Emily J. Holingue, Calliope Stuart, Elizabeth A. Kalb, Luther G. Thrul, Johannes
Copyright Year	2020
Abstract	BackgroundPsychological responses to potentially traumatic events tend to be heterogeneous, with some individuals displaying resilience. Longitudinal associations between resilience and mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, however, are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to examine the association between resilience and trajectories of mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsParticipants were 6,008 adults from the Understanding America Study, a probability-based Internet-panel representative of the US adult population. Baseline data were collected between March 10 and March 31, 2020, with nine follow-up waves conducted between April 1 and August 4. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to examine the association between date and mental distress, stratified by resilience level (low, normal, or high).ResultsIn contrast to the high resilience group, participants in the low and normal resilience groups experienced increases in mental distress in the early months of the pandemic (low: OR=2.94, 95% CI=1.93-4.46; normal: OR=1.91, 95% CI=1.55-2.35). Men, middle-aged and older adults, Black adults, and adults with a graduate degree were more likely to report high resilience, whereas adults living below the poverty line were less likely to report high resilience.LimitationsThese associations should not be interpreted as causal, and resilience was measured at only one time-point.ConclusionsTrajectories of mental distress varied markedly by resilience level during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, with low-resilience adults reporting the largest increases in mental distress during this crisis. Activities that foster resilience should be included in broader strategies to support mental health throughout the pandemic.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC7889692&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	01650327
Journal	Journal of Affective Disorders [J Affect Disord]
Volume Number	282
DOI	10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.071
PubMed Central reference number	PMC7889692
PubMed reference number	33421866
e-ISSN	15732517
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier B.V.
Publisher Date	2020-12-25
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	COVID-19 resilience mental health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Clinical Psychology Psychiatry and Mental Health