The Determining Role of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Antonucci, Salvatore Di Sante, Moises Tonolo, Federica Pontarollo, Laura Scalcon, Valeria Alanova, Petra Menabò, Roberta Carpi, Andrea Bindoli, Alberto Rigobello, Maria Pia Giorgio, Marco Kaludercic, Nina Di Lisa, Fabio
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	Aims: Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is a lethal pathology characterized by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and contractile impairment, leading to cell death. Although extensive research has been done to understand the pathophysiology of doxorubicin cardiomyopathy, no effective treatments are available. We investigated whether monoamine oxidases (MAOs) could be involved in doxorubicin-derived oxidative stress, and in the consequent mitochondrial, cardiomyocyte, and cardiac dysfunction. Results: We used neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) and adult mouse ventricular myocytes (AMVMs). Doxorubicin alone (i.e., 0.5 μM doxorubicin) or in combination with H2O2 induced an increase in mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was prevented by the pharmacological inhibition of MAOs in both NRVMs and AMVMs. The pharmacological approach was supported by the genetic ablation of MAO-A in NRVMs. In addition, doxorubicin-derived ROS caused lipid peroxidation and alterations in mitochondrial function (i.e., mitochondrial membrane potential, permeability transition, redox potential), mitochondrial morphology (i.e., mitochondrial distribution and perimeter), sarcomere organization, intracellular [Ca2+] homeostasis, and eventually cell death. All these dysfunctions were abolished by MAO inhibition. Of note, in vivo MAO inhibition prevented chamber dilation and cardiac dysfunction in doxorubicin-treated mice. Innovation and Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the severe oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin requires the involvement of MAOs, which modulate mitochondrial ROS generation. MAO inhibition provides evidence that mitochondrial ROS formation is causally linked to all disorders caused by doxorubicin in vitro and in vivo. Based upon these results, MAO inhibition represents a novel therapeutic approach for doxorubicin cardiomyopathy.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC7885901&blobtype=pdf
Page Count	20
ISSN	15230864
Volume Number	34
DOI	10.1089/ars.2019.7929
PubMed Central reference number	PMC7885901
Issue Number	7
PubMed reference number	32524823
Journal	Antioxidants & Redox Signaling [Antioxid Redox Signal]
e-ISSN	15577716
Language	English
Publisher	Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers
Publisher Date	2020-07-07
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Copyright 2021, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers
Subject Keyword	doxorubicin cardiomyopathy mitochondria monoamine oxidase reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Physiology Medicine Clinical Biochemistry Molecular Biology Biochemistry