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Laboratory Demonstration and Preliminary Techno-Economic Analysis of an Onsite Wastewater Treatment System.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Trotochaud, Lena Andrus, Rebecca M. Tyson, Kayana J. Miller, Graham H. Welling, Claire M. Donaghy, Patrick E. Incardona, Joseph D. Evans, William A. Smith, Paul K. Oriard, Tim L. Norris, Ian D. Stoner, Brian R. Guest, Jeremy S. Hawkins, Brian T. |
| Copyright Year | 2020 |
| Abstract | Providing safe and reliable sanitationservices to the billionsof people currently lacking them will require a multiplicity of approaches.Improving onsite wastewater treatment to standards enabling waterreuse would reduce the need to transport waste and fresh water overlong distances. Here, we describe a compact, automated system designedto treat the liquid fraction of blackwater for onsite water reusethat combines cross-flow ultrafiltration, activated carbon, and electrochemicaloxidation. In laboratory testing, the system consistently produceseffluent with 6 ≤ pH ≤ 9, total suspended solids (TSS)< 30 mg L–1, and chemical oxygen demand (COD)< 150 mg L–1. These effluent parameters wereachieved across a wide range of values for influent TSS (61–820mg L–1) and COD (384–1505 mg L–1), demonstrating a robust system for treating wastewater of varyingstrengths. A preliminary techno-economic analysis (TEA) was conductedto elucidate primary cost drivers and prioritize research and developmentpathways toward commercial feasibility. The ultrafiltration systemis the primary cost driver, contributing to >50% of both the energyand maintenance costs. Several scenario parameters showed an outsizedimpact on costs relative to technology parameters. Specific technologicalimprovements for future prototype development are discussed. |
| ISSN | 0013936X |
| Journal | Environmental Science & Technology |
| Volume Number | 54 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC7745533 |
| Issue Number | 24 |
| PubMed reference number | 33269914 |
| e-ISSN | 15205851 |
| DOI | 10.1021/acs.est.0c02755 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | AmericanChemical Society |
| Publisher Date | 2020-12-03 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited. © 2020 American Chemical Society |
| Subject Keyword | blackwater techno-economic analysis granularactivated carbon (GAC) ultrafiltration electrochemicaldisinfection ISO 30500 nonsewered sanitation system(NSSS) onsite wastewater treatment system (OWTS) |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Chemistry Environmental Chemistry Medicine |
