Differential Diagnosis of Acute Liver Failure in Children: A Systematic Review.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Berardi, Giuliana Tuckfield, Lynnia DelVecchio, Michael T. Aronoff, Stephen
Copyright Year	2020
Abstract	PurposeTo develop a probability-based differential diagnosis for pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) based on age and socioeconomic status of the country of origin.MethodsComprehensive literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS databases was performed. Children 0–22 years of age who met PALF registry criteria were included. Articles included >10 children, and could not be a case report, review article, or editorial. No language filter was utilized, but an English abstract was required. Etiology of PALF, age of child, and country of origin was extracted from included articles.Results32 full text articles were reviewed in detail; 2,982 children were included. The top diagnosis of PALF in developed countries was acetaminophen toxicity (9.24%; 95% CredI 7.99–10.6), whereas in developing countries it was Hepatitis A (28.9%; 95% CredI 26.3–31.7). In developed countries, the leading diagnosis of PALF in children aged <1 year was metabolic disorder (17.2%; 95% CredI 10.3–25.5), whereas in developing countries it was unspecified infection (39.3%; CredI 27.6–51.8). In developed countries, the leading diagnosis in children aged >1 year was Non-A-B-C Hepatitis (8.18%; CredI 5.28–11.7), whereas in developing countries it was Hepatitis A (32.4%; CredI 28.6–36.3).ConclusionThe leading causes of PALF in children aged 0-22 years differ depending on the age and developmental status of their country of origin, suggesting that these factors must be considered in the evaluation of children with PALF.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC7667230&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	22348646
Journal	Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition [Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr]
Volume Number	23
DOI	10.5223/pghn.2020.23.6.501
PubMed Central reference number	PMC7667230
Issue Number	6
PubMed reference number	33215021
e-ISSN	22348840
Language	English
Publisher	The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
Publisher Date	2020-11-05
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2020 by The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
Subject Keyword	Acute liver failure Pediatric Developed countries Developing countries Systematic review
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Hepatology Gastroenterology Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health