Effects of lifestyle interventions on rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Wang, Bo Mu, Xiao-Li Zhao, Juan Jiang, Hai-Ping Li, Shan-Shan Yan, Ge Hua, Ying-Ying Ren, Xue-Yi Xing, Li-Xia Liang, Yan Zhang, Shu-Dong Zhao, Yu-Chi
Copyright Year	2020
Abstract	BACKGROUNDThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising rapidly in rural areas, and lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels of patients with T2DM. However, current dietary and exercise guidelines are still at experimental stages and are difficult for subjects to understand and implement. The Human Metabolism Analyzer provides real life interventions for the prevention and treatment of T2DM, and our pilot research has demonstrated its effectiveness and good compliance.AIMTo investigate the effect of and compliance with lifestyle interventions in rural patients with T2DM.METHODSA total of ten rural villages were randomly selected in Chaoshui Township, Penglai City, Shandong Province, China, to conduct health screening among residents aged 50 years or older. Each rural village represented a group, and 12 patients with T2DM were randomly selected from each group (total: 120) to participate in this study and receive real life lifestyle interventions and medication guidance. Lifestyle interventions included changing the meal order (A), postprandial activities (B), resistance exercise (C), and reverse abdominal breathing (D). Diabetes education was conducted at least once a month with a weekly phone follow-up to monitor exercise and diet. Waist circumference, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), motor function, body composition, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were analyzed before and 3 mo after the intervention. Moreover, patient compliance and adjustments of hypoglycemic drugs were evaluated.RESULTSA total of 109 subjects completed the study. The compliance rates for lifestyle interventions A, B, C, and D were 57.79%, 60.55%, 64.22%, and 75.23%, respectively. Among the subjects who received hypoglycemic drugs, the dose was reduced 2 to 3 times based on blood glucose in 54 (67.50%) subjects and was tapered and discontinued in 5 (6.25%) subjects within 3 mo, with no significant fluctuations in blood glucose after dose reduction and withdrawal. After lifestyle interventions, waist circumference, BMI, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c significantly decreased (P < 0.001); motor function and body composition also significantly improved (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONFor patients with T2DM, compliance to real-life lifestyle interventions is good, and the interventions significantly improve metabolic indicators such as waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure, HbA1c, body composition, and motor function. Some patients are able to taper or discontinue hypoglycemic drugs.
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Journal	World Journal of Diabetes [World J Diabetes]
Volume Number	11
DOI	10.4239/wjd.v11.i6.261
PubMed Central reference number	PMC7284015
Issue Number	6
PubMed reference number	32547700
e-ISSN	19489358
Language	English
Publisher	Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
Publisher Date	2020-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	Type 2 diabetes mellitus Lifestyle interventions Body mass index
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism