Phosphorylated GSK‑3β protects stress‑induced apoptosis of myoblasts via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Liu, Meixi Huang, Xia Tian, Yihong Yan, Xiao Wang, Fang Chen, Junbo Zhang, Qi Zhang, Qiang Yuan, Xiao
Copyright Year	2020
Abstract	Facial jaw muscle is involved in the occurrence, development, treatment and maintenance of maxillofacial deformities. The structure and function of this tissue can be altered by changes in external stimuli, and orthodontists can regulate its reconstruction using orthopedic forces. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is most well-known for its biological functions in cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis. In the present study, the effects of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in cyclic stretch-induced myoblast apoptosis were investigated. For this purpose, L6 rat myoblasts were cultured under mechanical stimulation and treated with the PI3K kinase inhibitor, LY294002, to elucidate the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Cells were stained with Hoechst 33258 to visualize morphological changes and apoptosis of myoblasts, and western blotting was performed to detect expression of Akt, phosphorylated (p)-Akt (Ser473), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and p-GSK-3β (Ser9). After addition of PI3K inhibitor, the expression of total Akt and GSK-3β did not significantly differ among groups; however, the levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β were lower in inhibitor-treated groups than in those treated with loading stress alone. In addition, the rate of apoptosis in myoblasts subjected to cyclic stretch increased in a time-dependent manner, peaking at 24 h. Collectively, it was also demonstrated that the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway plays an important role in stretch-induced myoblast apoptosis.
ISSN	17912997
Journal	Molecular Medicine Reports
Volume Number	22
PubMed Central reference number	PMC7248528
Issue Number	1
PubMed reference number	32377749
e-ISSN	17913004
DOI	10.3892/mmr.2020.11105
Language	English
Publisher	D.A. Spandidos
Publisher Date	2020-04-30
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Copyright: © Liu et al.
Subject Keyword	PI3K Akt cyclic stretch apoptosis myoblast
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Molecular Biology Biochemistry Cancer Research Molecular Medicine Oncology