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Production and characterisation of activated carbon and carbon nanotubes from potato peel waste and their application in heavy metal removal.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Osman, Ahmed I. Blewitt, Jacob Abu-Dahrieh, Jehad K. Farrell, Charlie Al-Muhtaseb, Ala’a H. Harrison, John Rooney, David W. |
| Abstract | Herein, activated carbon (AC) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesised from potato peel waste (PPW). Different ACs were synthesised via two activation steps: firstly, with phosphoric acid (designated PP) and then using potassium hydroxide (designated PK). The AC produced after the two activation steps showed a surface area as high as 833 m2 g−1 with a pore volume of 0.44 cm3 g−1, where the raw material of PPW showed a surface area < 4 m2 g−1. This can help aid and facilitate the concept of the circular economy by effectively up-cycling and valorising waste lignocellulosic biomass such as potato peel waste to high surface area AC and subsequently, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Consequently, MWCNTs were prepared from the produced AC by mixing it with the nitrogen-based material melamine and iron precursor, iron (III) oxalate hexahydrate. This produced hydrophilic multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a water contact angle of θ = 14.97 °. Both AC and CNT materials were used in heavy metal removal (HMR) where the maximum lead absorption was observed for sample PK with a 84% removal capacity after the first hour of testing. This result signifies that the synthesis of these up-cycled materials can have applications in areas such as wastewater treatment or other conventional AC/CNT end uses with a rapid cycle time in a two-fold approach to improve the eco-friendly synthesis of such value-added products and the circular economy from a significant waste stream, i.e., PPW.Graphical abstract. Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11356-019-06594-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
| ISSN | 09441344 |
| Volume Number | 26 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC6937222 |
| Issue Number | 36 |
| PubMed reference number | 31745803 |
| Journal | Environmental Science and Pollution Research International [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] |
| e-ISSN | 16147499 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11356-019-06594-w |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2019-11-20 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin/Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. © The Author(s) 2019 |
| Subject Keyword | Potato peel waste Biomass Activated carbon Carbon nanotubes Pyrolysis Multi-wall carbon nanotubes |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Environmental Chemistry Pollution Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Medicine |
