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Handling of Missing Outcome Data in Traumatic Brain Injury Research: A Systematic Review.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Richter, Sophie Stevenson, Susan Newman, Tom Wilson, Lindsay Menon, David K. Maas, Andrew I.R. Nieboer, Daan Lingsma, Hester Steyerberg, Ewout W. Newcombe, Virginia F.J. |
| Copyright Year | 2019 |
| Abstract | AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) research commonly measures long-term functional outcome, but studies often suffer from missing data as patients are lost to follow-up. This review assesses the extent and handling of missing outcome data in the TBI literature and provides a practical guide for future research. Relevant electronic databases were searched from January 1, 2012 to October 27, 2017 for TBI studies that used the Glasgow Outcome Scale or Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS/GOSE) as an outcome measure. Studies were screened and data extracted in line with Cochrane guidance.A total of 195 studies, 21 interventional, 174 observational, with 104,688 patients were included. Using the reported follow-up rates in a mixed model, on average 91% of patients were predicted to return to follow-up at 6 months post-injury, 84% at 1 year, and 69% at 2 years. However, 36% of studies provided insufficient information to determine the number of subjects at each time-point. Of 139 studies that did report missing outcome data, only 50% attempted to identify why data were missing, with just 4 reporting their assumption on the “missingness mechanism.” The handling of missing data was heterogeneous, with the most common method being its exclusion from analysis. These results confirm substantial variability in the standard of reporting and handling of missing outcome data in TBI research. We conclude that practical guidance is needed to facilitate meaningful and accurate study interpretation, and therefore propose a framework for the handling of missing outcome data in future TBI research. |
| Related Links | https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC6744946&blobtype=pdf |
| Page Count | 10 |
| ISSN | 08977151 |
| Journal | Journal of Neurotrauma [J Neurotrauma] |
| Volume Number | 36 |
| DOI | 10.1089/neu.2018.6216 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC6744946 |
| Issue Number | 19 |
| PubMed reference number | 31062649 |
| e-ISSN | 15579042 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers |
| Publisher Date | 2019-06-17 |
| Publisher Place | 140 Huguenot Street, 3rd FloorNew Rochelle, NY 10801USA |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. © Sophie Richter et al., 2019; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. |
| Subject Keyword | follow-up missing data multiple imputation traumatic brain injury |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Neurology (clinical) |
