CT and MR imaging of the upper extremity vasculature: pearls, pitfalls, and challenges.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Ghouri, Maaz A. Gupta, Nishant Bhat, Ambarish P. Thimmappa, Nanda Deepa Saboo, Sachin S. Khandelwal, Ashish Nagpal, Prashant
Copyright Year	2019
Abstract	Imaging is needed for diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up of patients with pathologies affecting upper extremity vasculature. With growth and evolution of imaging modalities [especially CT angiography (CTA) and MR angiography (MRA)], there is need to recognize the advantages and disadvantages of various modalities and obtain the best possible imaging diagnostic test. Understanding various limitations and pitfalls as well as the best practices to minimize and manage these pitfalls is very important for the diagnosis. This article reviews the upper extremity arterial vascular anatomy, discusses the CTA and MRA imaging, various pitfalls, and challenges and discuss imaging manifestations of upper extremity arterial pathologies.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC6732118&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	22233652
Volume Number	9
DOI	10.21037/cdt.2018.09.15
PubMed Central reference number	PMC6732118
Issue Number	Suppl 1
Issue Number	suppl 1
PubMed reference number	31559161
Journal	Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy [Cardiovasc Diagn Ther]
e-ISSN	22233660
Language	English
Publisher	AME Publishing Company
Publisher Date	2019-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	2019 Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	Imaging CT angiography (CTA) MR angiography (MRA) trauma vasculitis upper extremity thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) injury
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine