Early-life exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and pubertal development in girls.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Lee, Jeong Eun Jung, Hae Woon Lee, Yun Jeong Lee, Young Ah
Copyright Year	2019
Abstract	Over the last decades, the onset of puberty in girls has occurred earlier, but the tempo of pubertal progression has been relatively slower, resulting in a younger age at puberty onset without a change in age at menarche. Sufficient energy availability and adiposity contribute to early pubertal development, and environmental factors, such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), may affect not only the control of energy balance, but also puberty and reproduction. EDCs are hormonally active substances that can perturb puberty by acting both peripherally on target organs, such as adipose tissue or adrenal glands, and/or centrally on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Depending on whether the exposure takes place earlier during fetal and neonatal life or later during early childhood, EDCs can lead to different outcomes through different mechanisms. Evidence of associations between exposures to EDCs and altered pubertal timing makes it reasonable to support their relationship. However, human epidemiologic data are limited or inconsistent and cannot provide sufficient evidence for a causal relationship between EDC exposure and changes in pubertal timing. Further investigation is warranted to determine the overall or different effects of EDCs exposure during prenatal or childhood windows on pubertal milestones and to reveal the underlying mechanisms, including epigenetic marks, whereby early-life exposure to EDCs affect the HPG-peripheral tissue axis.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC6603611&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	22871012
Journal	Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism [Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab]
Volume Number	24
DOI	10.6065/apem.2019.24.2.78
PubMed Central reference number	PMC6603611
Issue Number	2
PubMed reference number	31261471
e-ISSN	22871292
Language	English
Publisher	Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
Publisher Date	2019-06-30
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2019 Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism
Subject Keyword	Puberty Endocrine disrupting chemicals Secular trend
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health