Genome-Wide Analysis of SNPs Is Consistent with No Domestic Dog Ancestry in the Endangered Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi).

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Fitak, Robert R Rinkevich, Sarah E Culver, Melanie
Copyright Year	2018
Description	Abstract The Mexican gray wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) was historically distributed throughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Extensive predator removal campaigns during the early 20th century, however, resulted in its eventual extirpation by the mid 1980s. At this time, the Mexican wolf existed only in 3 separate captive lineages (McBride, Ghost Ranch, and Aragón) descended from 3, 2, and 2 founders, respectively. These lineages were merged in 1995 to increase the available genetic variation, and Mexican wolves were reintroduced into Arizona and New Mexico in 1998. Despite the ongoing management of the Mexican wolf population, it has been suggested that a proportion of the Mexican wolf ancestry may be recently derived from hybridization with domestic dogs. In this study, we genotyped 87 Mexican wolves, including individuals from all 3 captive lineages and cross-lineage wolves, for more than 172000 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We identified levels of genetic variation consistent with the pedigree record and effects of genetic rescue. To identify the potential to detect hybridization with domestic dogs, we compared our Mexican wolf genotypes with those from studies of domestic dogs and other gray wolves. The proportion of Mexican wolf ancestry assigned to domestic dogs was only between 0.06% (SD 0.23%) and 7.8% (SD 1.0%) for global and local ancestry estimates, respectively; and was consistent with simulated levels of incomplete lineage sorting. Overall, our results suggested that Mexican wolves lack biologically significant ancestry with dogs and have useful implications for the conservation and management of this endangered wolf subspecies.
Abstract	Abstract The Mexican gray wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) was historically distributedthroughout the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Extensive predator removalcampaigns during the early 20th century, however, resulted in its eventual extirpation bythe mid 1980s. At this time, the Mexican wolf existed only in 3 separate captive lineages(McBride, Ghost Ranch, and Aragón) descended from 3, 2, and 2 founders, respectively.These lineages were merged in 1995 to increase the available genetic variation, andMexican wolves were reintroduced into Arizona and New Mexico in 1998. Despite the ongoingmanagement of the Mexican wolf population, it has been suggested that a proportion of theMexican wolf ancestry may be recently derived from hybridization with domestic dogs. Inthis study, we genotyped 87 Mexican wolves, including individuals from all 3 captivelineages and cross-lineage wolves, for more than 172000 single nucleotide polymorphisms.We identified levels of genetic variation consistent with the pedigree record and effectsof genetic rescue. To identify the potential to detect hybridization with domestic dogs,we compared our Mexican wolf genotypes with those from studies of domestic dogs and othergray wolves. The proportion of Mexican wolf ancestry assigned to domestic dogs was onlybetween 0.06% (SD 0.23%) and 7.8% (SD 1.0%) for global and local ancestry estimates,respectively; and was consistent with simulated levels of incomplete lineage sorting.Overall, our results suggested that Mexican wolves lack biologically significant ancestrywith dogs and have useful implications for the conservation and management of thisendangered wolf subspecies.
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Page Count	12
ISSN	00221503
Volume Number	109
DOI	10.1093/jhered/esy009
PubMed Central reference number	PMC6281331
Issue Number	4
PubMed reference number	29757430
Journal	Journal of Heredity [J Hered]
e-ISSN	14657333
Language	English
Publisher	Oxford University Press
Publisher Date	2018-05-01
Publisher Place	US
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The American GeneticAssociation 2018.
Subject Keyword	Arizona conservation genomics gray wolves hybridization New Mexico single nucleotide polymorphisms
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Molecular Biology Genetics (clinical) Biotechnology