Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pinus koraiensis Cone Bark Extracts Prepared by Micro-Wave Assisted Extraction.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Kang, Sun-Ae Kim, Dong-Hee Hong, Shin-Hyub Park, Hye-Jin Kim, Na-Hyun Ahn, Dong-Hyun An, Bong-Jeun Kwon, Joong-Ho Cho, Young-Je
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	In this study, we compared the anti-inflammatory activity of Pinus koraiensis cone bark extracts prepared by conventional extraction and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Water extracts and 50% ethanol extracts prepared using MAE were applied to RAW 264.7 cell at 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg/mL of concentrations, and tested for cytoxicity. The group treated with 50 μg/mL of 50% ethanol extracts showed toxicity. In order to investigate the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells, extracts of water and ethanol were treated with 5, 10, and 25 μg/mL concentrations. The inhibitory activity of water and 50% ethanol extracts groups were determined as 40% and 60% at 25 μg/mL concentration, respectively. We found concentration dependent decreases on inducible NO synthase. The inhibitory effect against forming inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β, was also superior in the 25 μg/mL treated group than the control group. According to these results, the water extracts and 50% ethanol extracts both inhibited inflammatory mediators by reducing the inflammatory response. Therefore, The MAE extracts of P. koraiensis cone bark can be developed as a functional ingredient with anti-inflammatory activity.
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ISSN	22871098
Journal	Preventive Nutrition and Food Science [Prev Nutr Food Sci]
Volume Number	21
DOI	10.3746/pnf.2016.21.3.236
PubMed Central reference number	PMC5063209
Issue Number	3
PubMed reference number	27752500
e-ISSN	22878602
Language	English
Publisher	The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
Publisher Date	2016-09-30
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2016 by The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
Subject Keyword	anti-inflammation extracts micro-wave Pinus koraiensis cone bark
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nutrition and Dietetics Food Science