Real-time-guided bone regeneration around standardized critical size calvarial defects using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and collagen membrane with and without using tricalcium phosphate: an in vivo micro-computed tomographic and histologic experiment in rats.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Al-Hezaimi, Khalid Ramalingam, Sundar Al-Askar, Mansour ArRejaie, Aws S Nooh, Nasser Jawad, Fawad Aldahmash, Abdullah Atteya, Muhammad Wang, Cun-Yu
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	The aim of the present real time in vivo micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histologic experiment was to assess the efficacy of guided bone regeneration (GBR) around standardized calvarial critical size defects (CSD) using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and collagen membrane (CM) with and without tricalcium phosphate (TCP) graft material. In the calvaria of nine female Sprague-Dawley rats, full-thickness CSD (diameter 4.6 mm) were created under general anesthesia. Treatment-wise, rats were divided into three groups. In group 1, CSD was covered with a resorbable CM; in group 2, BMSCs were filled in CSD and covered with CM; and in group 3, TCP soaked in BMSCs was placed in CSD and covered with CM. All defects were closed using resorbable sutures. Bone volume and bone mineral density of newly formed bone (NFB) and remaining TCP particles and rate of new bone formation was determined at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks using in vivo µCT. At the 10th week, the rats were killed and calvarial segments were assessed histologically. The results showed that the hardness of NFB was similar to that of the native bone in groups 1 and 2 as compared to the NFB in group 3. Likewise, values for the modulus of elasticity were also significantly higher in group 3 compared to groups 1 and 2. This suggests that TCP when used in combination with BMSCs and without CM was unable to form bone of significant strength that could possibly provide mechanical “lock” between the natural bone and NFB. The use of BMSCs as adjuncts to conventional GBR initiated new bone formation as early as 2 weeks of treatment compared to when GBR is attempted without adjunct BMSC therapy.
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ISSN	16742818
Journal	International Journal of Oral Science [Int J Oral Sci]
Volume Number	8
DOI	10.1038/ijos.2015.34
PubMed Central reference number	PMC4822179
Issue Number	1
PubMed reference number	27025260
e-ISSN	20493169
Language	English
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Publisher Date	2016-03-30
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Unported License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Copyright © 2015 West China School of Stomatology
Subject Keyword	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem collagen membrane critical size defect guided bone regeneration tricalcium phosphate
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Dentistry