Glutamine: an obligatory parenteral nutrition substrate in critical care therapy.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Stehle, Peter Kuhn, Katharina S.
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Critical illness is characterized by glutamine depletion owing to increased metabolic demand. Glutamine is essential to maintain intestinal integrity and function, sustain immunologic response, and maintain antioxidative balance. Insufficient endogenous availability of glutamine may impair outcome in critically ill patients. Consequently, glutamine has been considered to be a conditionally essential amino acid and a necessary component to complete any parenteral nutrition regimen. Recently, this scientifically sound recommendation has been questioned, primarily based on controversial findings from a large multicentre study published in 2013 that evoked considerable uncertainty among clinicians. The present review was conceived to clarify the most important questions surrounding glutamine supplementation in critical care. This was achieved by addressing the role of glutamine in the pathophysiology of critical illness, summarizing recent clinical studies in patients receiving parenteral nutrition with intravenous glutamine, and describing practical concepts for providing parenteral glutamine in critical care.
ISSN	23146133
Journal	Biomed Research International
Volume Number	2015
PubMed Central reference number	PMC4606408
PubMed reference number	26495301
e-ISSN	23146141
DOI	10.1155/2015/545467
Language	English
Publisher	Hindawi
Publisher Date	2015-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2015 P. Stehle and K. S. Kuhn.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Microbiology Medicine Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology