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Characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves observed using the MU (Middle and Upper atmosphere) radar and GPS (Global Positioning System) radio occultation.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	TSUDA, Toshitaka
Editor	NISHIDA, Atsuhiro
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The wind velocity and temperature profiles observed in the middle atmosphere (altitude: 10–100 km) show perturbations resulting from superposition of various atmospheric waves, including atmospheric gravity waves. Atmospheric gravity waves are known to play an important role in determining the general circulation in the middle atmosphere by dynamical stresses caused by gravity wave breaking. In this paper, we summarize the characteristics of atmospheric gravity waves observed using the middle and upper atmosphere (MU) radar in Japan, as well as novel satellite data obtained from global positioning system radio occultation (GPS RO) measurements. In particular, we focus on the behavior of gravity waves in the mesosphere (50–90 km), where considerable gravity wave attenuation occurs. We also report on the global distribution of gravity wave activity in the stratosphere (10–50 km), highlighting various excitation mechanisms such as orographic effects, convection in the tropics, meteorological disturbances, the subtropical jet and the polar night jet.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC3923105&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	03862208
Journal	Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences [Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci]
Volume Number	90
DOI	10.2183/pjab.90.12
PubMed Central reference number	PMC3923105
Issue Number	1
PubMed reference number	24492645
e-ISSN	13492896
Language	English
Publisher	The Japan Academy
Publisher Date	2014-01-01
Publisher Place	Tokyo, Japan
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2014 The Japan Academy
Subject Keyword	atmospheric gravity wave middle atmosphere wave breaking saturated spectrum the MU radar GPS radio occultation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physics and Astronomy Medicine Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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