Involvement of magnitude of ambient temperature change in nonspecific effect in perceived placebo effect on lower urinary tract symptoms: study on switching of naftopidil in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Morita, Tatsuo Kubo, Kenji Komatsu Taro Fujisaki, Akira Natsui, Shinsuke Nukui, Akinori Kobayashi, Minoru Kurokawa, Shinsuke
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	PurposeTo determine if switching from one brand of the α1-adrenoceptor antagonist naftopidil (Avishot™) to another brand (Flivas™) under the same conditions causes the same changes in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and quality of life (QOL) as the perceived placebo effect, and if ambient temperature as a nonspecific factor is related to those changes in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients.Patients and methodsA retrospective study was carried out on 217 BPH patients who had received Avishot™ for more than 6 months and then were switched to Flivas™ at the same dose and timing. The two drugs contain the same principal ingredient and display the same pharmacokinetic properties. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), QOL score, and average monthly ambient temperature at the patients’ residence area from the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System in Japan were used for the evaluation.ResultsA significant change in urinary storage symptoms (P = 0.006), and especially in nighttime frequency (P< 0.001), was observed by switching drugs, suggesting the perceived placebo effect. There was significant improvement of daytime frequency (P< 0.05), nighttime frequency (P< 0.001), storage symptoms (P< 0.001), and total IPSS (P< 0.05) when the magnitude of ambient temperature change from before and 3 months after switching drugs was higher than 10°C, while no significant improvement was noted in any of the parameters examined when the same was lower than 10°C.ConclusionThe present study showed the nonspecific effect of magnitude of ambient temperature change was involved in the perceived placebo effect on LUTS, especially on storage symptoms, by switching drugs. The nonspecific effect on LUTS with BPH needs to be considered when evaluating subjective treatment efficacy of drugs for LUTS with BPH in routine clinical practice. The present study supports the lifestyle advice “avoid exposing the lower body to cold temperature” or “keep warm when it is cold” for LUTS with BPH.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC3826939&blobtype=pdf
Journal	Research and Reports in Urology [Res Rep Urol]
Volume Number	5
PubMed Central reference number	PMC3826939
PubMed reference number	24400239
e-ISSN	22532447
DOI	10.2147/rru.s42583
Language	English
Publisher	Dove Medical Press
Publisher Date	2013-04-09
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2013 Morita et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd
Subject Keyword	ambient temperature benign prostatic hyperplasia lower urinary tract symptoms naftopidil nonspecific effect placebo effect
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Urology