Comparative cytoprotective effects of carbocysteine and fluticasone propionate in cigarette smoke extract-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Pace, Elisabetta Ferraro, Maria Di Vincenzo, Serena Cipollina, Chiara Gerbino, Stefania Cigna, Diego Caputo, Valentina Balsamo, Rossella Lanata, Luigi Gjomarkaj, Mark
Abstract	Cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) induce oxidative stress, an important feature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and oxidative stress contributes to the poor clinical efficacy of corticosteroids in COPD patients. Carbocysteine, an antioxidant and mucolytic agent, is effective in reducing the severity and the rate of exacerbations in COPD patients. The effects of carbocysteine on CSE-induced oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells as well as the comparison of these antioxidant effects of carbocysteine with those of fluticasone propionate are unknown. The present study was aimed to assess the effects of carbocysteine (10−4 M) in cell survival and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (by flow cytometry) as well as total glutathione (GSH), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC-2) expression/activation in CSE-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE) and to compare these effects with those of fluticasone propionate (10−8 M). CSE, carbocysteine or fluticasone propionate did not induce cell necrosis (propidium positive cells) or cell apoptosis (annexin V-positive/propidium-negative cells) in 16-HBE. CSE increased ROS production, nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 in 16-HBE. Fluticasone propionate did not modify intracellular ROS production, GSH and HDCA-2 but reduced Nrf2 and HO-1 in CSE-stimulated 16-HBE. Carbocysteine reduced ROS production and increased GSH, HO-1, Nrf2 and HDAC-2 nuclear expression/activity in CSE-stimulated cells and was more effective than fluticasone propionate in modulating the CSE-mediated effects. In conclusion, the present study provides compelling evidences that the use of carbocysteine may be considered a promising strategy in diseases associated with corticosteroid resistance.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC3789875&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	13558145
Volume Number	18
DOI	10.1007/s12192-013-0424-0
PubMed Central reference number	PMC3789875
Issue Number	6
PubMed reference number	23580157
Journal	Cell Stress & Chaperones
e-ISSN	14661268
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-04-12
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	© Cell Stress Society International 2013
Subject Keyword	Cigarette smoke Airway epithelial cells Reactive oxygen species
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry