In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of coastal medicinal plants along Palk Strait against Plasmodium falciparum.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Inbaneson, Samuel Jacob Ravikumar, Sundaram Suganthi, Palavesam
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Objective To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from Achyranthes aspera (A. aspera), Acalypha indica (A. indica), Jatropha glandulifera (J. glandulifera) and Phyllanthus amarus (P. amarus). Methods The A. aspera, A. indica, J. glandulifera and P. amarus were collected along Palk Strait and the extraction was carried out in ethanol. The filter sterilized extracts (100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 µg/mL) of leaf, stem, root and flower extracts of A. aspera, A. indica, J. glandulifera and P. amarus were tested for antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum. The potential extracts were also tested for their phytochemical constituents. Results Of the selected plants species parts, the stem extract of A. indica showed excellent antiplasmodial activity (IC50= 43.81µg/mL) followed by stem extract of J. glandulifera (IC50= 49.14µg/mL). The stem extract of A. aspera, leaf and root extracts of A. indica, leaf, root and seed extracts of J. glandulifera and leaf and stem extracts of P. amarus showed IC50 values between 50 and 100 µg/mL. Statistical analysis revealed that, significant antiplasmodial activity (P<0.01) was observed between the concentrations and time of exposure. The chemical injury to erythrocytes was also carried out and it showed that there were no morphological changes in erythrocytes by the ethanolic extract of all the tested plant extracts. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity might be due to the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, triterpenoids, proteins, and tannins in the ethanolic extracts of tested plants. Conclusions The ethanolic stem extracts of P. amarus and J. glandulifera possess lead compounds for the development of antiplasmodial drugs.
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ISSN	22211691
Volume Number	2
PubMed Central reference number	PMC3609306
Issue Number	5
PubMed reference number	23569931
Journal	Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine [Asian Pac J Trop Biomed]
DOI	10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60057-4
Language	English
Publisher	Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press
Publisher Date	2012-05-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	© 2012 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	Antiplasmodial activity IC50 Medicinal plants Phytochemicals Plasmodium falciparum Achyranthes aspera Acalypha indica Jatropha glandulifera Phyllanthus amarus
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology