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Predictors of endotoxin levels in U.S. housing.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Thorne, Peter S. Cohn, Richard D. Mav, Deepak Arbes, Samuel J. Zeldin, Darryl C. |
| Copyright Year | 2009 |
| Abstract | BackgroundThe relationship of domestic endotoxin exposure to allergy and asthma has been widely investigated. However, few studies have evaluated predictors of household endotoxin, and none have done so for multiple locations within homes and on a national scale.ObjectivesWe assayed 2,552 house dust samples in a nationwide study to understand the predictors of household endotoxin in bedroom floors, family room floors, beds, kitchen floors, and family room sofas.MethodsReservoir house dust from five locations within homes was assayed for endotoxin and demographic and housing information was assessed through questionnaire and onsite evaluation of 2,456 residents of 831 homes selected to represent national demographics. We performed repeated-measures analysis of variance (rANOVA) for 37 candidate variables to identify independent predictors of endotoxin. Meteorologic data were obtained for each primary sampling unit and tested as predictors of indoor endotoxin to determine if wetter or warmer microclimates were associated with higher endotoxin levels.ResultsWeighted geometric mean endotoxin concentration ranged from 18.7 to 80.5 endotoxin units (EU)/mg for the five sampling locations, and endotoxin load ranged from 4,160 to 19,500 EU/m2. Bivariate analyses and rANOVA demonstrated that major predictors of endotoxin concentration were sampling location in the home, census division, educational attainment, presence of children, current dog ownership, resident-described problems with cockroaches, food debris, cockroach stains, and evidence of smoking observed by field staff. Low household income entered the model if educational attainment was removed.ConclusionIncreased endotoxin in household reservoir dust is principally associated with poverty, people, pets, household cleanliness, and geography. |
| ISSN | 00916765 |
| Journal | Environmental Health Perspectives |
| Volume Number | 117 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC2685839 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| PubMed reference number | 19479019 |
| e-ISSN | 15529924 |
| DOI | 10.1289/ehp.11759 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
| Publisher Date | 2008-10-16 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | Publication of EHP lies in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from EHP may be reprinted freely. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for example, ?Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives?); pertinent reference information should be provided for the article from which the material was reproduced. Articles from EHP, especially the News section, may contain photographs or illustrations copyrighted by other commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. |
| Subject Keyword | allergens asthma triggers endotoxin house dust housing characteristics indoor air lipopolysaccharide microorganism-associated molecular pattern predictive model reservoir dust |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health |
