Measurement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, leukotriene B4, and interleukin 8 in the exhaled breath condensate in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Ko, Fanny WS Leung, Ting-Fan Wong, Gary WK Ngai, Jenny To, Kin W Ng, Susanna Hui, David SC
Abstract	BackgroundAssessment of airway inflammation in the clinical course of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) may advance our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment.ObjectivesTo assess airway inflammation in patients during the course of AECOPD by serial analyses of their exhaled breath condensates (EBC).MethodsTwenty-six patients with AECOPD (22 males, mean[SD] percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) 44.8 [14.3]), 11 with stable COPD, and 14 age and sex-matched healthy controls were studied. Patients with AECOPD were treated with systemic steroid and antibiotic for 7 days. EBC was collected from each patient with AECOPD on Day 5, 14, 30, and 60 post-hospitalization using EcoScreen (VIASYS Healthcare, USA) during tidal breathing over 10 minutes. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe median (IQR) of TNF-α level on Day 5 was 5.08 (3.80–6.32) pg/ml, which was lower than on Day 14 (5.84 [4.91–9.14] pg/ml, p = 0.017), Day 30 (6.14 [3.82–7.67] pg/ml, p = 0.045), and Day 60 (5.60 [4.53–8.80] pg/ml, p = 0.009). On Day 60, subjects receiving inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) had a lower level of TNF-α than those who were not (4.82 [4.06–5.65] vs 7.66 [5.48–10.9] pg/ml, p = 0.02). EBC LTB4 level did not change significantly during recovery from AECOPD whereas IL-8 was mostly undetectable.ConclusionsEBC TNF-α level was low in patients receiving systemic steroid and antibiotic therapy for AECOPD. These findings suggest a potential role for serial EBC TNF-α for non-invasive monitoring of disease activity.
ISSN	11769106
Volume Number	4
PubMed Central reference number	PMC2672793
PubMed reference number	19436689
Journal	International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis]
e-ISSN	11782005
Language	English
Publisher	Dove Medical Press
Publisher Date	2009-04-15
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2009 Ko et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.
Subject Keyword	COPD exacerbation exhaled breath condensate TNF-α LTB4
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Health Policy