Prognostic Value of TGF-β Expression in Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Kianmehr, Shima Vahabirad, Mohammad Seghatoleslam, Atefeh Sadeghi, Erfan Kiani, Roozbeh Ghasemi, Hadi
Copyright Year	2024
Description	ObjectiveTransforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a member of the growth factor superfamily that clinical studies address its association with bladder cancer invasion, progression, and metastasis. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the prognostic significance of TGF-β expression in bladder cancer patients.Materials and MethodsThe major international databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, were searched for full-text literature citations. The hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% CI as the effect size was applied as the appropriate summarized statistic. We used a random-effects model using the DerSimonian and Laird method to estimate the pooled effect size. To assess the heterogeneity among trials, the I-square (I 2) statistic and Cochran’s Q test were used. Forest and funnel plots were drawn to respectively demonstrate the findings and detect any existing publication bias.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 3 studies that met the criteria and included 535 patients. The combined HR for the selected studies was 2.250 (95% CI = (1.411, 3.586), P < .001) and no significant heterogeneity was detected between trials (I 2 = 58.63, P = .089). Furthermore, no severe asymmetry was seen within the funnel plot, indicating a lack of potential publication bias.ConclusionOur findings suggest that TGF-β expression can remarkably predict a worse prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. The results of the present meta-analysis may be validated through further updated reviews and additional relevant investigations in future studies.
Abstract	ObjectiveTransforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a member of the growth factor superfamily that clinical studies address its association with bladder cancer invasion, progression, and metastasis. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the prognostic significance of TGF-β expression in bladder cancer patients.Materials and MethodsThe major international databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, were searched for full-text literature citations. The hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% CI as the effect size was applied as the appropriate summarized statistic. We used a random-effects model using the DerSimonian and Laird method to estimate the pooled effect size. To assess the heterogeneity among trials, the I-square (I2) statistic and Cochran’s Q test were used. Forest and funnel plots were drawn to respectively demonstrate the findings and detect any existing publication bias.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 3 studies that met the criteria and included 535 patients. The combined HR for the selected studies was 2.250 (95% CI = (1.411, 3.586), P < .001) and no significant heterogeneity was detected between trials (I2 = 58.63, P = .089). Furthermore, no severe asymmetry was seen within the funnel plot, indicating a lack of potential publication bias.ConclusionOur findings suggest that TGF-β expression can remarkably predict a worse prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. The results of the present meta-analysis may be validated through further updated reviews and additional relevant investigations in future studies.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC11562745&blobtype=pdf
Volume Number	50
DOI	10.5152/tud.2024.24024
PubMed Central reference number	PMC11562745
Issue Number	3
PubMed reference number	39495544
Journal	Urology Research and Practice [Urol Res Pract]
e-ISSN	29801478
Language	English
Publisher	Turkish Association of Urology
Publisher Date	2024-10-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. 2024 authors
Subject Keyword	Bladder cancer meta-analysis prognosis TGF-β
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Urology