Exercise responses to repeated cycle sprints with continuous and intermittent hypoxic exposure.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Li, Siu Nam Anbalagan, Prashan Pang, Joel Ihsan, Mohammed Girard, Olivier
Description	Highlights Continuous hypoxic exposure resulted in reduced repeated sprint performance compared to both normoxia and intermittent hypoxia during recoveries.Cardiovascular solicitation and glycolytic contribution showed no significant differences between ambient air and hypoxic conditions regardless of the timing of hypoxic gas administration (entire session, sprints only, or recovery only).The method of applying hypoxic exposure significantly affected mechanical performance, while internal physiological demands remained essentially comparable between conditions during repeated cycle sprints. AbstractWe examine the impact of the acute manipulation of oxygen availability during discrete phases (active and passive) of a repeated‐sprint cycling protocol on performance, physiological, and perceptual responses. On separate days, twelve trained males completed four sets of five 5‐s ‘all out’ cycle sprints (25‐s inter‐sprint recovery and 5‐min interset rest) in four randomized conditions: normobaric hypoxia (inspired oxygen fraction of 12.9%) applied continuously (C‐HYP), intermittently during only the sets of sprints (I‐HYPSPRINT) or between‐sets recovery periods (I‐HYPRECOVERY), or not at all (C‐NOR). Peak and mean power output, peripheral oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood lactate concentration, exercise‐related sensations, and vastus lateralis muscle oxygenation using near‐infrared spectroscopy were assessed. Peak and mean power output was ∼4%–5% lower for C‐HYP compared to C‐NOR (P ≤ 0.050) and I‐HYPRECOVERY (P ≤ 0.027). Peripheral oxygen saturation was lower during C‐HYP and I‐HYPSPRINT compared with C‐NOR and I‐HYPRECOVERY during sets of sprints (∼83–85 vs. ∼95%–97%; P < 0.001), while lower values were obtained for C‐HYP and I‐HYPRECOVERY than C‐NOR and I‐HYPSPRINT during between‐sets rest period (∼84–85 vs. ∼96%; P < 0.001). Difficulty in breathing was ∼21% higher for C‐HYP than C‐NOR (P = 0.050). Ratings of perceived exertion (P = 0.435), limb discomfort (P = 0.416), heart rate (P = 0.605), blood lactate concentration (P = 0.976), and muscle oxygenation‐derived variables (P = 0.056 to 0.605) did not differ between conditions. In conclusion, the method of hypoxic exposure application (continuous vs. intermittent) affects mechanical performance, while internal demands remained essentially comparable during repeated cycle sprints. HighlightsContinuous hypoxic exposure resulted in reduced repeated sprint performance compared to both normoxia and intermittent hypoxia during recoveries.Cardiovascular solicitation and glycolytic contribution showed no significant differences between ambient air and hypoxic conditions regardless of the timing of hypoxic gas administration (entire session, sprints only, or recovery only).The method of applying hypoxic exposure significantly affected mechanical performance, while internal physiological demands remained essentially comparable between conditions during repeated cycle sprints.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC11295084&blobtype=pdf
Page Count	11
ISSN	17461391
Volume Number	24
DOI	10.1002/ejsc.12146
PubMed Central reference number	PMC11295084
Issue Number	8
PubMed reference number	38874584
Journal	European Journal of Sport Science [Eur J Sport Sci]
e-ISSN	15367290
Language	English
Publisher	John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Publisher Date	2024-06-14
Publisher Place	Hoboken
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2024 The Author(s). European Journal of Sport Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH on behalf of European College of Sport Science.
Subject Keyword	altitude training environmental stress hypoxia internal load repeated‐sprint ability
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation Sports Science