NDLI: Mechanism of Inhibiting the Growth and Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> Biosynthesis of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> by Phenyllactic Acid.

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Mechanism of Inhibiting the Growth and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus by Phenyllactic Acid.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Zhao, Chi Penttinen, Petri Zhang, Lingzi Dong, Ling Zhang, Fengju Li, Zhihua Zhang, Xiaoping
Copyright Year	2023
Abstract	Phenyllactic acid (PLA), a promising food preservative, is safe and effective against a broad spectrum of food-borne pathogens. However, its mechanisms against toxigenic fungi are still poorly understood. In this study, we applied physicochemical, morphological, metabolomics, and transcriptomics analyses to investigate the activity and mechanism of PLA inhibition of a typical food-contaminating mold, Aspergillus flavus. The results showed that PLA effectively inhibited the growth of A. flavus spores and reduced aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production by downregulating key genes associated with AFB1 biosynthesis. Propidium iodide staining and transmission electron microscopy analysis demonstrated a dose-dependent disruption of the integrity and morphology of the A. flavus spore cell membrane by PLA. Multi-omics analyses showed that subinhibitory concentrations of PLA induced significant changes in A. flavus spores at the transcriptional and metabolic levels, as 980 genes and 30 metabolites were differentially expressed. Moreover, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated PLA-induced cell membrane damage, energy-metabolism disruption, and central-dogma abnormality in A. flavus spores. The results provided new insights into the anti-A. flavus and -AFB1 mechanisms of PLA.
Journal	Toxins (Basel)
Volume Number	15
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10304077
Issue Number	6
PubMed reference number	37368671
e-ISSN	20726651
DOI	10.3390/toxins15060370
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2023-06-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2023 by the authors.
Subject Keyword	phenyllactic acid Aspergillus flavus aflatoxin B1 transcriptome metabolome
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Toxicology

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Mechanism of Inhibiting the Growth and Aflatoxin B1 Biosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus by Phenyllactic Acid.

Mechanism of Inhibiting the Growth and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis of Aspergillus flavus by Phenyllactic Acid.