Fractionation of Aspen Wood to Produce Microcrystalline, Microfibrillated and Nanofibrillated Celluloses, Xylan and Ethanollignin.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Kuznetsov, Boris N. Chudina, Anna I. Kazachenko, Aleksandr S. Fetisova, Olga Yu. Borovkova, Valentina S. Vorobyev, Sergei A. Karacharov, Anton A. Gnidan, Elena V. Mazurova, Elena V. Skripnikov, Andrey M. Taran, Oxana P.
Editor	Papadopoulos, Antonios N.
Copyright Year	2023
Abstract	A new method for extractive-catalytic fractionation of aspen wood to produce microcrystalline (MCC), microfibrillated (MFC), nanofibrilllated (NFC) celluloses, xylan, and ethanollignin is suggested in order to utilize all of the main components of wood biomass. Xylan is obtained with a yield of 10.2 wt.% via aqueous alkali extraction at room temperature. Ethanollignin was obtained with a yield of 11.2 wt.% via extraction with 60% ethanol from the xylan-free wood at 190 °C. The lignocellulose residue formed after the extraction of xylan and ethanollignin was subjected to catalytic peroxide delignification in the acetic acid-water medium at 100 °C in order to obtain microcrystalline cellulose. MCC is hydrolyzed with 56% sulfuric acid and treated with ultrasound to produce microfibrillated cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose. The yields of MFC and NFC were 14.4 and 19.0 wt.%, respectively. The average hydrodynamic diameter of NFC particles was 36.6 nm, the crystallinity index was 0.86, and the average zeta-potential was 41.5 mV. The composition and structure of xylan, ethanollignin, cellulose product, MCC, MFC, and NFC obtained from aspen wood were characterized using elemental and chemical analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, Gas chromatography (GC), Gel permeation-chromatography (GPC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).
Journal	Polymers
Volume Number	15
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10303657
Issue Number	12
PubMed reference number	37376317
e-ISSN	20734360
DOI	10.3390/polym15122671
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2023-06-13
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2023 by the authors.
Subject Keyword	aspen wood fractionation xylan ethanollignin microcrystalline microfibrillated and nanofibrillated celluloses
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Polymers and Plastics