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Mindfulness-Based and Mindfulness-Informed Interventions at the Workplace: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis of RCTs.
| Content Provider | Europe PMC |
|---|---|
| Author | Michaelsen, Maren M. Graser, Johannes Onescheit, Miriam Tuma, Matthias P. Werdecker, Lena Pieper, Dawid Esch, Tobias |
| Abstract | ObjectivesPositive effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on occupational health have been demonstrated by several systematic review studies during the last two decades. So far, existing reviews excluded mindfulness-informed interventions (MIIs) that build on informal approaches or mixed techniques aiming at improving mindfulness indirectly. To address this research gap, the present comprehensive meta-analysis synthesizes the results of RCTs of MBIs and MIIs conducted in various workplace settings.MethodA systematic literature search was conducted in five electronic databases complemented by manual search. Random-effects models were used to synthesize standardized mean differences (SMDs) for 25 outcomes and seven overarching categories of outcomes, and to detect various temporal effects. Meta-regressions were run to elucidate average SMDs between mindfulness intervention types and intervention and population characteristics, with the goal of detecting sources of heterogeneity and help guide the selection of the most appropriate mindfulness intervention type.ResultsBased on 91 eligible studies (from 92 publications), including 4927 participants and 4448 controls, the synthesis shows that MBIs and MIIs significantly improve mindfulness (SMD = 0.43; 95%-CI [0.33;0.52]), well-being (SMD = 0.63; 95%-CI [0.34;0.93]), mental health (SMD = 0.67; 95%-CI [0.48;0.86]), stress (SMD = 0.72; 95%-CI [0.54;0.90]), resilience (SMD = 1.06; 95%-CI [−0.22;2.34]), physical health (SMD = 0.45; 95%-CI [0.32;0.59]), and work-related factors (SMD = 0.62; 95%-CI [0.14;1.10]). Sensitivity analyses demonstrate a tendency towards smaller effect sizes due to extreme outliers. Effect sizes are stable in short-term follow-up assessments (1-12 weeks) for most outcomes, but not for long-term follow-up assessments (13-52 weeks). Meta-regressions suggest that observable intervention characteristics (e.g., online delivery) and population characteristics (e.g., age of participants), as well as study quality, do not explain the prevalence of heterogeneity in effect sizes.ConclusionsGenerally effective, mindfulness interventions are a useful tool to enhance aspects of employee health. However, because of heterogeneity and risk of bias, studies aiming at high-quality data collection and thorough reporting are necessary to draw firm conclusions.PreregistrationA protocol of this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (Registration-No. CRD42020159927).Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-023-02130-7. |
| Related Links | https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC10172073&blobtype=pdf |
| ISSN | 18688527 |
| Journal | Mindfulness [Mindfulness (N Y)] |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12671-023-02130-7 |
| PubMed Central reference number | PMC10172073 |
| PubMed reference number | 37362186 |
| e-ISSN | 18688535 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer US |
| Publisher Date | 2023-05-11 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Rights License | Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2023 |
| Subject Keyword | Mindfulness-based interventions Mindfulness-informed interventions Occupational health Systematic review Meta-analysis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Developmental and Educational Psychology Health (social science) Social Psychology Applied Psychology |
