NDLI: HSD3B1 is an oxysterol 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human placenta.

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HSD3B1 is an oxysterol 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human placenta.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Dickson, Alison Yutuc, Eylan Thornton, Catherine A. Dunford, James E. Oppermann, Udo Wang, Yuqin Griffiths, William J.
Copyright Year	2023
Abstract	Most biologically active oxysterols have a 3β-hydroxy-5-ene function in the ring system with an additional site of oxidation at C-7 or on the side-chain. In blood plasma oxysterols with a 7α-hydroxy group are also observed with the alternative 3-oxo-4-ene function in the ring system formed by ubiquitously expressed 3β-hydroxy-Δ5-C27-steroid oxidoreductase Δ5-isomerase, HSD3B7. However, oxysterols without a 7α-hydroxy group are not substrates for HSD3B7 and are not usually observed with the 3-oxo-4-ene function. Here we report the unexpected identification of oxysterols in plasma derived from umbilical cord blood and blood from pregnant women taken before delivery at 37+ weeks of gestation, of side-chain oxysterols with a 3-oxo-4-ene function but no 7α-hydroxy group. These 3-oxo-4-ene oxysterols were also identified in placenta, leading to the hypothesis that they may be formed by a previously unrecognized 3β-hydroxy-Δ5-C27-steroid oxidoreductase Δ5-isomerase activity of HSD3B1, an enzyme which is highly expressed in placenta. Proof-of-principle experiments confirmed that HSD3B1 has this activity. We speculate that HSD3B1 in placenta is the source of the unexpected 3-oxo-4-ene oxysterols in cord and pregnant women's plasma and may have a role in controlling the abundance of biologically active oxysterols delivered to the fetus.
Journal	Open Biology
Volume Number	13
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10154939
Issue Number	5
PubMed reference number	37132223
e-ISSN	20462441
DOI	10.1098/rsob.220313
Language	English
Publisher	The Royal Society
Publisher Date	2023-05-03
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. © 2023 The Authors.
Subject Keyword	HSD3B1 oxysterol placenta mass spectrometry bile acid pregnancy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Neuroscience

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