NDLI: Nanoparticle-Enhanced PVDF Flat-Sheet Membranes for Seawater Desalination in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation.

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Nanoparticle-Enhanced PVDF Flat-Sheet Membranes for Seawater Desalination in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Chimanlal, Indira Nthunya, Lebea N. Mahlangu, Oranso T. Kirkebæk, Bastian Ali, Aamer Quist-Jensen, Cejna A. Richards, Heidi
Editor	Xie, Zongli
Copyright Year	2023
Abstract	In this study, hydrophobic functionalized carbon nanotubes (fCNTs) and silica nanoparticles (fSiO2NPs) were incorporated into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat-sheet membranes to improve their performance in membrane distillation (MD). The performance of the as-synthesized membranes was evaluated against commercial reference polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) flat-sheet membranes. The water contact angle (WCA) and liquid entry pressure (LEP) of the PVDF membrane were compromised after incorporation of hydrophilic pore forming polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). These parameters were key in ensuring high salt rejections in MD processes. Upon incorporation of fCNTS and fSiO2NPs, WCA and LEP improved to 103.61° and 590 kPa, respectively. Moreover, the NP additives enhanced membrane surface roughness. Thus, an increase in membrane roughness improved WCA and resistance to membrane wetting. High salt rejection (>99%) and stable fluxes (39.77 kg m−2 h−1) were recorded throughout a 3 h process evaluation where 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was used as feed. These findings were recorded at feed temperature of 60 ℃. Evidently, this study substantiated the necessity of high feed temperatures towards high rates of water recovery.
Volume Number	13
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10052890
Issue Number	3
PubMed reference number	36984704
Journal	Membranes (Basel)
e-ISSN	20770375
DOI	10.3390/membranes13030317
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2023-03-09
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2023 by the authors.
Subject Keyword	carbon nanotubes desalination membrane distillation nanoparticle modification silica nanoparticles
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemical Engineering Process Chemistry and Technology Filtration and Separation

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