Morphological Abnormalities in Early-Onset Schizophrenia Revealed by Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Levman, Jacob Kabaria, Priya Nangaku, Masahito Takahashi, Emi
Editor	Beck, Anne
Copyright Year	2023
Abstract	Simple SummaryThere is much we do not know about how the brain presents in early-onset schizophrenia. This study involves investigating the brains of patients with early-onset schizophrenia using magnetic resonance imaging. Results demonstrate abnormal curvature of the surfaces of various regions of the brain. These results imply that abnormal neurodevelopment associated with early-onset schizophrenia can be characterized with structural magnetic resonance imaging.AbstractSchizophrenia is a pathological condition characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and a lack of motivation. In this study, we performed a morphological analysis of regional biomarkers in early-onset schizophrenia, including cortical thicknesses, surface areas, surface curvature, and volumes extracted from T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared these findings with a large cohort of neurotypical controls. Results demonstrate statistically significant abnormal presentation of the curvature of select brain regions in early-onset schizophrenia with large effect sizes, inclusive of the pars orbitalis, pars triangularis, posterior cingulate cortex, frontal pole, orbital gyrus, lateral orbitofrontal gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, as well as in medial occipito-temporal, lingual, and insular sulci. We also observed reduced regional volumes, surface areas, and variability of cortical thicknesses in early-onset schizophrenia relative to neurotypical controls in the lingual, transverse temporal, cuneus, and parahippocampal cortices that did not reach our stringent standard for statistical significance and should be confirmed in future studies with higher statistical power. These results imply that abnormal neurodevelopment associated with early-onset schizophrenia can be characterized with structural MRI and may reflect abnormal and possibly accelerated pruning of the cortex in schizophrenia.
Volume Number	12
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10045839
Issue Number	3
PubMed reference number	36979045
Journal	Biology [Biology (Basel)]
e-ISSN	20797737
DOI	10.3390/biology12030353
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2023-02-23
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). © 2023 by the authors.
Subject Keyword	magnetic resonance imaging schizophrenia cortex
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Immunology and Microbiology Agricultural and Biological Sciences Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology