Platelet αIIbβ3 integrin binds to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein of alpha strain but not wild type and omicron strains.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Ito, Koyu Goto, Kota Shirakawa, Ryutaro Horiuchi, Hisanori Ogasawara, Kouetsu
Copyright Year	2023
Abstract	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 causes a pandemic infectious disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It causes respiratory infection. Then, it progresses into a systemic infection by involving other organs. This progression mechanism remains to be elucidated, although thrombus formation plays an important role in its progression. Platelets is involved in the thrombus formation by aggregating each other through association of activated αIIbβ3 integrin with the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif-containing its ligands such as fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor. SARS-CoV-2 enters host cells through association of the spike protein (S-protein) with its receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), on the host cells. While presence of ACE2 in platelets is suspicious, S-protein harbors the RGD sequences within its receptor binding domain. Therefore, it could be possible SARS-CoV-2 enter platelets through association of S-protein with αIIbβ3. In this study, we found that receptor binding domain of S-protein of WT SARS-CoV-2 strain barely bound to isolated healthy human platelets. In contrast, highly toxic alpha-strain-based N501Y substitution strongly bound to platelets in a RGD dependent manner, although binding of S protein did not induce platelet aggregation or activation. This binding may serve for transferring the infection to systemic organs.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC10033152&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	0006291X
Journal	Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications [Biochem Biophys Res Commun]
Volume Number	657
DOI	10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.057
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10033152
PubMed reference number	36996544
e-ISSN	10902104
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier Inc.
Publisher Date	2023-03-23
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Subject Keyword	SARS-CoV-2 Platelet αIIbβ3 integrin Thrombosis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Molecular Biology Biochemistry Biophysics