TMS-evoked EEG potentials demonstrate altered cortical excitability in migraine with aura.

Content Provider	Europe PMC
Author	Helling, Robert M. Perenboom, Matthijs J. L. Bauer, Prisca R. Carpay, Johannes A. Sander, Josemir W. Ferrari, Michel D. Visser, Gerhard H. Tolner, Else A.
Abstract	Migraine is associated with altered sensory processing, that may be evident as changes in cortical responsivity due to altered excitability, especially in migraine with aura. Cortical excitability can be directly assessed by combining transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG). We measured TMS evoked potential (TEP) amplitude and response consistency as these measures have been linked to cortical excitability but were not yet reported in migraine.We recorded 64-channel EEG during single-pulse TMS on the vertex interictally in 10 people with migraine with aura and 10 healthy controls matched for age, sex and resting motor threshold. On average 160 pulses around resting motor threshold were delivered through a circular coil in clockwise and counterclockwise direction. Trial-averaged TEP responses, frequency spectra and phase clustering (over the entire scalp as well as in frontal, central and occipital midline electrode clusters) were compared between groups, including comparison to sham-stimulation evoked responses.Migraine and control groups had a similar distribution of TEP waveforms over the scalp. In migraine with aura, TEP responses showed reduced amplitude around the frontal and occipital N100 peaks. For the migraine and control groups, responses over the scalp were affected by current direction for the primary motor cortex, somatosensory cortex and sensory association areas, but not for frontal, central or occipital midline clusters.This study provides evidence of altered TEP responses in-between attacks in migraine with aura. Decreased TEP responses around the N100 peak may be indicative of reduced cortical GABA-mediated inhibition and expand observations on enhanced cortical excitability from earlier migraine studies using more indirect measurements.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10548-023-00943-2.
Related Links	https://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC10014725&blobtype=pdf
ISSN	08960267
Journal	Brain Topography [Brain Topogr]
Volume Number	36
DOI	10.1007/s10548-023-00943-2
PubMed Central reference number	PMC10014725
Issue Number	2
PubMed reference number	36781512
e-ISSN	15736792
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2023-02-13
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Open
Rights License	Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. © The Author(s) 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
Subject Keyword	TMS evoked potential Electroencephalography Phase clustering Cortical excitability Migraine pathogenesis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Anatomy Neurology Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging Neurology (clinical) Radiological and Ultrasound Technology