NDLI: Coalescent-based species delimitation approach uncovers high cryptic diversity in the cosmopolitan lichen-forming fungal genus Protoparmelia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota).

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Author	André Aptroot Marcela Eugenia da Silva Cáceres H. Thorsten Lumbsch Imke Schmitt Garima Singh Francesco Dal Grande Pradeep K. Divakar Jürgen Otte Steven D. Leavitt Katarzyna Szczepanska Ana Crespo Víctor J. Rico
Abstract	Species recognition in lichen-forming fungi has been a challenge because of unsettled species concepts, few taxonomically relevant traits, and limitations of traditionally used morphological and chemical characters for identifying closely related species. Here we analyze species diversity in the cosmopolitan genus Protoparmelia s.l. The ~25 described species in this group occur across diverse habitats from the boreal-arctic/alpine to the tropics, but their relationship to each other remains unexplored. In this study, we inferred the phylogeny of 18 species currently assigned to this genus based on 160 specimens and six markers: mtSSU, nuLSU, ITS, RPB1, MCM7, and TSR1. We assessed the circumscription of species-level lineages in Protoparmelia s. str. using two coalescent-based species delimitation methods--BP&P and spedeSTEM. Our results suggest the presence of a tropical and an extra-tropical lineage, and eleven previously unrecognized distinct species-level lineages in Protoparmelia s. str. Several cryptic lineages were discovered as compared to phenotype-based species delimitation. Many of the putative species are supported by geographic evidence.
e-ISSN	19326203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0124625
Journal	PLoS ONE
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	10
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publisher Date	2015-01-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Medicine Science
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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