Assessment of Border Control Measures and Community Containment Measures Used in Japan during the Early Stages of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009

Content Provider	CiteSeerX
Author	Tsunoda, Masashi Ohta, Hiroshi Aizawa, Yoshiharu Sakaguchi, Hiroko Kawashima, Masatoshi Wada, Koji
Abstract	Background: In the early stages of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, border control measures were taken by quarantine stations to block the entry of infected individuals into Japan and community containment measures were implemented to prevent the spreading. The objectives of this study were to describe these measures and the characteristics of infected individuals, and to assess the measures ’ effectiveness. Methodology/Principal Findings: Border control and community containment measures implemented from April to June (Period I: April 28–May 21, Period II: May 22–June 18) 2009 were described. Number of individuals identified and disease characteristics were analyzed. For entry screening, a health declaration form and an infrared thermoscanner were used to detect symptomatic passengers. Passengers indicated for the rapid influenza test underwent the test followed by RT-PCR. Patients positive for H1N1 were isolated, and close contacts were quarantined. Entry cards were handed out to all asymptomatic passengers informing them about how to contact a health center in case they developed symptoms. Nine individuals were identified by entry screening and 1 during quarantine to have Pandemic (H1N1) 2009. Health monitoring by health centers was performed in period I for passengers arriving from affected countries and in period II for those who had come into contact with the individuals identified by entry screening. Health monitoring identified 3 infected individuals among 129,546 in Period I and 5 among 746 in Period II. Enhanced surveillance, which included mandatory reporting of
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Subject Keyword	Close Contact Entry Card Quarantine Station Disease Characteristic Control Measure Community Containment Measure Health Declaration Form Enhanced Surveillance Period Ii Rapid Influenza Test Underwent Methodology Principal Finding Affected Country Symptomatic Passenger Measure Effectiveness Infected Individual Entry Screening Health Monitoring Mandatory Reporting Health Center Nine Individual Asymptomatic Passenger Infrared Thermoscanner Border Control Border Control Measure
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