NDLI: Kelvin nilsen adding real-time capabilities to java.

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Kelvin nilsen adding real-time capabilities to java.

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Abstract	Through extensive experimentation, developers somehow find the right combination of parameters to maximize cost, performance, and compliance with real-time constraints. Sun Microsystems initially developed Java as a tool to support internal development of small embedded systems. Later, they determined the language was appropriate for development and distribution of Internet applications and released the language to the general public. Java is object oriented with syntax derived from C and C++ [1, 10], however, Java’s designers chose not to pursue full compatibility with C and C++ because they preferred to eliminate from these languages certain troublesome features. In particular, Java does not support enumerated constants; pointer arithmetic; traditional functions, structures and unions; multiple inheritance; goto statements; operator overloading; and preprocessor directives. Instead, Java requires all constant identifiers and functions (methods) to be encapsulated within class declarations. Java provides standardized support for multiple threads (lightweight tasks) and automatic garbage collection of dynamically allocated memory. Further, Java fully specifies the behavior of every operator on every type, unlike C and C++ which leave many behaviors implementation-dependent. These changes were designed to improve software scalability, reduce software development and maintenance costs, and to achieve full portability of Java software. Anecdotal evidence suggests that many former C and C++ programmers have enthusiastically welcomed these language improvements. One distinguishing characteristic of Java is its execution model. Java programs are first translated into a fully portable standard bytecode representation. The bytecode is then available for execution in any environment that provides support for a Java virtual machine. A Java virtual machine is simply a system of software that understands and executes the standard Java bytecode representation. All major operating systems now support execution of Java programs,
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