NDLI: Evaluation de la toxicité des huiles essentielles de Cymbopogon nardus (L) et Ocimum gratissimum (L) contre Sitophilus zeamais Motsch et Rhyzopertha dominica F, les principaux insectes nuisibles au maïs en stockage...

Content Provider	African Journals Online (AJOL)
Author	Alaye Sawadogo Issoufou Ouedraogo Dona Dakouo Roger CH. Nebie
Abstract	Full French Title: Evaluation de la toxicité des huiles essentielles de Cymbopogon nardus (L) et Ocimum gratissimum (L) contre Sitophilus zeamais Motsch et Rhyzopertha dominica F, les principaux insectes nuisibles au maïs en stockage au Burkina FasoAu Burkina Faso, les pertes du maïs pendant le stockage demeurent importantes et sont provoquées par Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. et Rhyzopertha dominica F. Les méthodes de protection contre ces insectes sont l'utilisation d'insecticides chimiques. Cependant, face aux nuisances associées à ces insecticides, la recherche d’alternative s’avère indispensable. C’est dans ce cadre que s’inscrit l’utilisation des huiles essentielles dans la protection des stocks de maïs. Ainsi, les huiles essentielles de Cymbopogon nardus (L.) et de Ocimum gratissimum (L) ont été testées en vue d’évaluer leur efficacité dans la protection des stocks de maïs contre les insectes. Les expérimentations ont été conduites au laboratoire par l’utilisation de différentes doses de ces huiles pour évaluer la mortalité qu’elles provoquent sur les adultes des insectes testés. Les insectes ont été mis en présence de chaque huile essentielle dans des bocaux en verre de 1 litre pendant 24 h, 48 h et 72 h. Les doses testées ont varié de 1 à 100 μl pour les adultes de S. zeamais et de 1 à 75 μl pour R. dominica. Les résultats montrent que les taux de mortalité dus aux deux huiles atteignent 100% en fonction de l’espèce d’insecte, des doses utilisées et du temps d’exposition. Ainsi, la dose de 75 ml de l’huile de O. gratissimum provoque une mortalité de 80% des adultes de S. zeamais en 24 h contre 99,5% si on utilise 100ml d’huile essentielle de C. nardus pour une durée de 72 h. Sur les adultes de R. dominica, 48 h après application de 50 ml de l’huile de O. gratissimum, les taux de mortalité ont été de 100%. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que les huiles essentielles de C. nardus et de O. gratissimum peuvent être utilisées dans la protection des stocks de maïs contre S. zeamais et R. dominica.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés: Huile essentielle, insectes, protection, maïs, stockage, Burkina FasoEnglish Title: Evaluation of the toxicity of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) and Ocimum gratissimum (L) against maize insects Sitophilius zeamais Motsch and Rhyzopertha dominica F, the major insect pests in maize storage in Burkina FasoEnglish AbstractIn Burkina Faso, maize losses during storage are important and are due to Sitophilus zeamais Motsch and Rhyzopertha dominica F. The control methods against these insects are the use of chemical insecticides. However, because of the nuisances associated with these insecticides, the alternative research is necessary. It is in this context that the use of essential oils could be an alternative in the management of the insect pests stocks. Thus, the essential oils extracted from Cymbopogon nardus (L.) and Ocimum gratissimum were tested in order to evaluate their insecticide power on the adults of S. zeamais and R. dominica. The experiments were carried out in laboratory with different doses of these essential oils to evaluate the mortality caused on the adults of these two insects. To do this, the insects were exposed to each essential oil inside glass pots of 1 L during 24 h,48 h and 72 h. The tested doses varied between 1 μl to 100 μl for the adults of S. zeamais and between 1 μl to 75 μl for the adults of R. dominica. Results show that the rates of mortality caused by the two oils were up to 100% depending on the species of the insect, the doses used and the duration of exposure. Thus, a concentration of 75 ml of essential oil of O. gratissimum induces 80% mortality of adults of S. zeamais after 24 h. With essential oil of C. nardus, 99.5% mortality was obtained on adults of S. zeamais, after 72 h for a dose of 100 ml. On the adults of R. dominica, the rate of mortality was 100% for the concentration of 50 ml, 48 h after the application of oil of O. gratissimum. With the essential oil of C. nardus, the rates of mortality of R. dominica, were up to 100% after 48 h. The results obtained indicated that the essential oils of C. nardus and O. gratissimum can be used in the protection of maize storage against S. zeamais and R. dominica.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.
Ending Page	705
Starting Page	695
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19918631
e-ISSN	1997342X
DOI	10.4314/ijbcs.v10i2.20
Journal	International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	10
Language	English French
Publisher Date	2016-09-12
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biology Life Sciences Chemistry Mathematics Physics General Science Huile essentielle insectes protection maïs stockage Burkina Faso Essential oil insects maize storage
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Decision Sciences Chemistry Biotechnology Molecular Biology

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