NDLI: Heap compression for memory-constrained Java environments

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Heap compression for memory-constrained Java environments

Content Provider	ACM Digital Library
Author	Mathiske, B. Kandemir, M. Wolczko, M. Irwin, M. J. Vijaykrishnan, N. Chen, G.
Abstract	Java is becoming the main software platform for consumer and embedded devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, TV set-top boxes, and in-vehicle systems. Since many of these systems are memory constrained, it is extremely important to keep the memory footprint of Java applications under control.The goal of this work is to enable the execution of Java applications using a smaller heap footprint than that possible using current embedded JVMs. We propose a set of memory management strategies to reduce heap footprint of embedded Java applications that execute under severe memory constraints. Our first contribution is a new garbage collector, referred to as the Mark-Compact-Compress (MCC) collector, that allows an application to run with a heap smaller than its footprint. An important characteristic of this collector is that it compresses objects when heap compaction is not sufficient for creating space for the current allocation request. In addition to employing compression, we also consider a heap management strategy and associated garbage collector, called MCL (Mark-Compact-Lazy Allocate), based on lazy allocation of object portions. This new collector operates like the conventional Mark-Compact (MC) collector, but takes advantage of the observation that many Java applications create large objects, of which only a small portion is actually used. In addition, we also combine MCC and MCL, and present MCCL (Mark-Compact-Compress-Lazy Al-locate), which outperforms both MCC and MCL.We have implemented these collectors using KVM, and performed extensive experiments using a set of ten embedded Java applications. We have found our new garbage collection strategies to be useful in two main aspects. First, they reduce the minimum heap size necessary to execute an application without out-of-memory exception. Second, our strategies reduce the heap occupancy. That is, at a given time, they reduce the heap memory requirement of the application being executed. We have also conducted experiments with a more aggressive object compression strategy and discussed its main advantages.
Starting Page	282
Ending Page	301
Page Count	20
File Format	PDF
ISBN	1581137125
DOI	10.1145/949305.949330
Language	English
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Publisher Date	2003-10-26
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Garbage collection Memory compression Java virtual machine Heap
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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